22 BULLETIN 885, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
to their proper development. There is nothing to indicate that, if 
it succeeded in entering the United States, it would prove to be an 
almost hopeless case * * * though it would without question 
prove to be a heavy additional load for citrus growers already bur- 
dened with numerous other injurious insects and diseases." 
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS. 
In this work certain difficulties due to the habits of the adults of 
A. woglumi had to be overcome. These habits made it impossible, in 
many instances, to secure much desired data by the direct method. 
The data desired were the number of eggs laid by a single female; 
whether unfertilized females lay only eggs that give rise to males; 
how soon after emergence copulation takes place; the length of life 
of the adults; and how soon after emergence egg-laying begins. 
The difficulty of finding out these facts by the direct method, namely, 
by taking individuals of known history and confining them with 
leaves in cages (PL VII) or in petri dishes, was due to the nervous- 
ness of the adults when they were disturbed or handled. Whether 
adults were confined singly or in numbers seemed to make little 
difference. Once they were disturbed and confined, they would 
worry themselves to death in their attempts to escape and instead 
of resting on the leaves of the plant to which they were confined they 
would wander up and down the sides of the cage. Often pupae from 
which adults were ready to emerge were placed in petri dishes with 
fresh leaves, but almost invariably on emergence the adults, after 
becoming thoroughly colored, would begin wandering around the cage 
in their attempts to get away. In no case did adults obtained in 
this way live over four days. Therefore, another and less accurate 
method of observing the habits of the adults and obtaining spirals 
for life-history work had to be adopted. Large numbers of males 
and females were brought into the laboratory on the young shoots 
on which they were found resting in the field. Copulation was 
usually in progress and this insured obtaining normal fertilized eggs. 
These shoots were placed in water and as they wilted the males and 
females would leave them. Therefore, such shoots were set among 
young trees so that the adults could congregate on these. For a 
time this method was successful, but it often failed, apparently due 
to the fact that the females preferred to lay eggs on the wilted leaves 
rather than on those of the trees that were provided. This may 
have been due to the age of the leaves on the trees, but no such 
pronounced selection on the part of the females in the field has been 
observed. In the field, spirals which from their color and from actual 
observation were known to have just been laid were used. Those 
were chosen that occurred alone on the leaves, or if any other spirals 
happened to be laid on the same leaf, which was rarely the case, 
