ROADS AND BRIDGES, JULY 1, 1913—DEC. 31, 1914, 5 
_0+00 to 27+00 and solid rock from station 27+00 to 28+00. The road was 
graded 26 feet wide in cuts and 20 feet wide in fills for 2,800 feet. The maxi- 
mum cut was 1.7 feet, the maximum fill 2.6 feet. The total amount of excava- 
tion was 1,356 cubie yards, of which 131 cubic yards was rock excavation. The 
maximum grade of 8 per cent was reduced to 5.8 per cent. 
Earth was loosened with plows and picks, loaded with shovels, hauled with 
wagons and wheelbarrows, and spread with shovels. A surface of macadam 
was laid for 2,800 feet, 14 feet wide, making 4,355 square yards. The macadam 
was applied in two courses, the first-course stones ranging in size from 14 to 3 
inches and applied 53 inches deep; the second course ranging in size from three- 
fourths inch to 14 inches and applied 23 inches deep. On this course the screen- 
ings were applied, ranging in size from dust to one-half inch. When compacted the 
surfacing was 6 inches in depth. The material used for surfacing was a diabase, 
locally known as “ironstone.”’ It has fair binding qualities and good wearing 
qualities. The crusher was set up ut station 10+50 and the haul from the 
quarry was about 50 feet; the haul of water for the crusher engine was 2,600 
feet and the average haul of water for the sprinkler was 3,000 feet. Stone was 
brought to the crusher in wagons and wheelbarrows, crushed, stored in bins, 
and loaded from the bins directly into the wagons by means of a chute. 
Drainage structures were constructed as follows: At 0+12 a 15-inch corru- 
gated-iron pipe; at 9+80 a 12-inch corrugated-iron pipe; at 12+20 a 12-inch 
corrugated-iron pipe; at 19+00 a 3 by 6 foot concrete culvert; at 23-++50 a 
12-inch corrugated-iron pipe; and at 25+80 a 12-inch corrugated-iron pipe. 
Concrete head walls were built at all pipe ends. 
The equipment consisted of a 10-ton roller, a 12-horsepower engine, and a 
No. 4 rock crusher. 
Labor cost from $1.25 to $2.25 per day of 10 hours, and teams cost from $3 to 
$5. The total cost.of the road was $4,215.69, which is at the rate ef $0.968 per 
square yard. The principal items of cost were as follows: Clearing and grub- 
bing, $23.73; excavation at $0.623 per cubic yard, $833.88; shaping at $0.02 per 
square yard, $90.48; culvert pipe, $103.45; labor on same, $47.30; concrete 
culvert, $31.55; labor on same, $76; end walls, $5.50; side walls, $208.55; exca- 
vation for culvert, $22.77; forms, $39.28; quarrying at $0.934 per cubic yard, 
$600.47 ; hauling to crusher at $0.887 per cubic yard, $347.60; crushing at $0.495 - 
per cubic yard, $524.86; hauling, crusher to road, at $0.203 per cubic yard, 
$212.60; spreading at $0.106 per cubic yard, $111.51; sprinkling at $0.0066 per 
square yard, $32.50; rolling at $0.055 per square yard, $242.80; general expense, 
$162.30; trimming shoulders, $5.87; explosives, $106.67; blacksmithing, $68.11; 
reinforcing steel, $34.21; lumber, $25; cement, $65.50; extras, $16.61; fuel. 
$176.64. 
CHERT MACADAM ROAD. 
NEWTON CouNty, NEOSHO, Mo.—Work on a road extending from Neosho south- 
ward toward Pineville was begun November 28, 1913, and completed December 
19, 1918, with a loss of 43 days on account of bad weather. The adjacent land 
is hilly and the natural soil is chert and clay. For a distance of 2,000 feet the 
road was graded to a width of 26 feet in cuts and to a width of 22 feet in fills, 
for which 2,270 cubic yards cf material was moved. The maximum grade was 
reduced from 9 per cent to 6 per cent. The material was loosened with plows 
and a heavy harrow, hauled in wheel scrapers, and spread with shovels. The 
average haul was 3800 feet, with a maximum haul of 500 feet. 
The surface material was a chert varying in size from dust to 23 inches. 
The run of the crusher was used without screening and the material was 
