POISONOUS PROPERTIES OF THE WHORLED MILKWEED. 
9 
of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, occurred in the mucosa of the 
ileum of Sheep 519. In some blood vessels thrombuslike areas oc- 
curred. 
Spleen. — This organ was not very abnormal, though the presence 
of considerable hemosiderin pigment indicated a possible congestion 
which had subsided. The edematous condition of the Malpighian 
corpuscles in the spleen of Sheep 547 indicated a possible congestion. 
While there was a marked similarity in the tissue changes to those 
in animals poisoned by A. galioides, there were certain slight differ- 
ences, mainly of degree. On the whole the findings in the two sheep 
examined agreed very well. 
TOXIC AND LETHAL DOSAGE. 
The following table shows the dosage, estimated as green plant, of 
A. pumila, which resulted in sickness or death of the sheep. 
Table 4. — Dosages of A. pumila resulting in sickness or death. 
Quantity 
Quantity 
Quantity 
per 100 
per 100 
per 100 
Animal. 
pounds 
of 
animal. 
Result. 
Animal. 
pounds 
of 
animal. 
Result. 
Animal. 
pounds 
of 
animal. 
Result. 
Pounds. 
Pounds. 
Pounds. 
Sheep 546... 
0.787 
Sick. 
Sheep 516... 
0.984 
Sick. 
Sheep 539... 
0.787 
Sick. 
Sheep 482... 
.787 
Do. 
Sheep 547... 
1.063 
Do. 
Sheep 516... 
1.85 
Do. 
Sheep 486... 
.827 
Do. 
Sheep 554... 
1.181 
Do. 
Sheep 542... 
1.968 
Do. 
Sheep 536... 
.866 
Do. 
Sheep 546... 
1.339 
Do. 
Sheep 519... 
2.165 
Died. 
Sheep 539... 
.905 
Do. 
Sheep 512... 
1.496 
Do. 
Sheep 547... 
2.559 
Do. 
Sheep 552... 
.984 
Do. 
Sheep 520... 
1.693 
Do. 
It will be noticed that the smallest quantity which produced in- 
toxication was 0.787 pound per 100 pounds of animal. As shown 
in Table 1, the largest quantity fed without effect was 0.866 pound, 
to Sheep 530. In this case, however, there were possible symptoms. 
The smallest dose that produced death was 2.165 pounds per 100 
pounds of animal. It may be recalled that in all the A . pumila cases 
the whole plant was used. There are no data to determine the com- 
parative toxicity of different parts of the plant. 
With A. galioides the smallest quantity of the whole plant that 
produced symptoms was 0.22 pound, and this dosage resulted in 
death. In comparing the two plants it is evident that A. galioides is 
nearly 3.6 times as toxic as A. pumila. 
While, in the experiments with A. galioides, there was practically 
no difference between the toxic and lethal doses, in A. pumila it re- 
quired nearly three times the toxic dose to produce death. As com- 
pared with A. galioides the lethal dose of A. pumila was 9.84 times 
as great. Because of the small number of cases which were com- 
pared, these figures must not be considered as exact, but they give 
a general idea of the relative toxicity of the two plants. 
