BULLETIN 
TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 2. — Distribution by regions of the cut ash of the different species, expressed in per 
cent of the total cut of each species. 
Region. 
White ash. 
Green ash. 
Black ash. 
Per cent. 
10.4 
13.3 
13 
51.4 
5.1 
6.6 
.2 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
5 
0.1 
1.8 
18.9 
9.1 
69.7 
.4 
8 
71.5 
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,' West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee 
15.5 
Lower Mississippi Valley, including Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, 
100 
100 
100 
In round numbers, white ash. comprises 45 per cent, green ash 
37 per cent, and black ash 18 per cent of the total output of ash 
lumber in the United States. The percentage of Oregon ash is 
insignificant. If the cut of ash for slack cooperage were included, 
green ash would be just ahead of white ash. These tables show 
white ash to be the important species in New England, the Middle 
Atlantic, and the Central States ; green ash in the South Atlantic 
States, the lower Mississippi Valley, and in Iowa, Kansas, Ne- 
braska, and South Dakota; and black ash in the Lake States — - 
Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Over half the total supply of 
white ash comes from the Central States; 70 per cent of the green 
ash comes from the lower Mississippi Valley, and 71.5 per cent of 
the black ash from the Lake States. Over 60 per cent of the total 
supply of ash comes from the Central and lower Mississippi Valley 
States, 19 per cent from the Lake States, 13 per cent from New 
England and Middle Atlantic States, and only 5.7 per cent from 
the South Atlantic States. 
The areas of heaviest lumber production of ash in the United 
States are indicated by Plate I (map showing the cut of ash by 
counties for the year 1910.) 
CONSUMPTION OF ASH BY WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES AND ITS VALUE 
FOR DIFFERENT USES. 
Practically all of the ash lumber reported by the United States 
Census is consumed in different wood-using industries. The high 
value and scarcity of the wood precludes its use in general con- 
struction work. Investigations by the Forest Service indicate that a 
larger amount of ash was used in the wood-manufacturing industries 
than the census figures report as being manufactured into lumber 
and cooperage stock. This is probably due to the manufacture of 
handles, butter tubs, and vehicle stock directly from logs and bolts. 
In round numbers, 22 per cent of the ash used in industries goes 
into handles; 20 per cent into butter- tub staves and headings; 15 per 
