34 BULLETIN 124, U. S. DBPABTMElffT OF AGRICULTURE. 
tically controlled the pest in the last few years, and they have 
accomplished it altogether by such methods as have just been de- 
scribed. One of these men. Mr. Henry StroA'en, whose ranch is 
north of Holtville. says that he has had a minimum of damage. 
His ranch evidences his careful and systematic cultural methods. 
Ditch banks and fence rows are clean, and there is scarcely a 
weed noticeable on the entire ranch. Mr. Stroven informed the 
writer that he always renovates twice a year and sometimes oftener 
and also aims to keep his alfalfa abundantly watered in order to 
get a quick, thrifty growth. The other rancher. Mr. TTilliam Mans- 
field, of Brawley. practices the same methods in use by Mr. Stroven. 
and his ranch also shows this. Xeither of these ranchers aims to 
allow his alfalfa to stand longer than five years hi a certain field. 
Instead, he plows it irp. raises some other crop for a year, and then 
reseeds to alfalfa, thus bringing into play a system of crop rotation 
which not only keeps the soil in excellent condition, but prevents 
insect increase. Mr. Mansfield told the writer that in 190S he had 
considerable damage when his May cutting was getting a little more 
than two-thirds grown. One day he noticed that damage from the' 
caterpillar was very apparent. The next day the effect was much 
more noticeable. So he mowed the alfalfa, taking it up at once, and 
irrigating as soon as possible. He thus saved by far the greater part 
of the crop infested and. besides, was not troubled again that year. 
The following observations, made by Mr. E. X. TTilson in July, 
1913. also bear out the foregoing statements : 
One farm was examined near Meloland. CaL. to-day. This is a dairy farm 
belonging to Mr. Cook. In order that the hay may be in the best condition. 
Mr. Cook cuts it just as it comes into bloom. He in this way gers two more 
cuttings of hay per year than his neighbors, who allow their fields to come to full 
bloom before cutting. His crops have never been badly injured by Eurymus, 
while his neighbors have more or less injury every year. He also keeps his 
alfalfa in a thrifty condition, and the rapid growth is another element in 
Eurymus control. 
These three examples show the practicability and the success of 
the methods proven by observation and experimentation to be means 
of controlling outbreaks of the alfalfa caterpillar. 
EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS IN ARIZONA. 
Observations similar to those in California were made in Arizona 
by the author in 1912 and in 1913 by Mr. T. Scott TTilson. The same 
relation has been noted to exist between clean culture and good fann- 
ing methods in general and damage by the alfalfa caterpillar as 
existed in California. But in Arizona, as the soil conditions are 
somewhat different from those in California, it is necessary for the 
application of water to be even more timely. In many parts of the 
