THE CHAULMOOGRA TREE AND RELATED SPECIES. 17 
thus pubinervius) . . In the Taraktogenos forest proper a fern (Poly- 
botrya hamiltoniana Presl) form the main undergrowth on the 
sandy soil. 
The second locality was on the opposite bank of the Khodan stream 
near a broad bend. The banks were a solid wall of green, being 
at first flat and covered with huge trees of Dipterocarpus alatus 
and Ficus sp., Strychnos nux-vomica, Quercus spp., and Mangifera 
caloneura. This forest is*known as the Thadunphue. The un- 
dergrowth was again Polyhotrya hamiltoniana; also Wallichia 
caryotoides, a soboliferous palm. The ground rose rather steeply 
after passing through dense bamboo jungle. The creek beds were 
very deep, the water evidently finding it very easy to cut deep chan- 
nels through these sandy hills. Taraktogenos formed here pure 
stands (PI. V), while near the top of these hills grass with Wallichia 
disticha was the dominant feature. Calamus tenuis is also very 
common in the kalaw forests, as is a Pandanus with very slender 
leaves (probably P. furcatus Roxb.) and a species of Pteris. 
Only a very few seeds were secured at Khoung Kyew, and on that 
account the writer proceeded to Kyokta. After crossing the Khodan 
stream (PI. VI) many times and walking barefooted for many 
miles through the dense and somber forests, the party, consisting of 
about fifteen coolies and the others previously mentioned, arrived 
at Kyokta, a lonely jungle village of about thirty houses. A Tarakto- 
genos forest does not occur in the immediate neighborhood, but 
about 5 miles distant from Kyokta. The only way to approach 
these forests, mainly composed of Taraktogenos kurzii, is by follow- 
ing a creek bed (PL VII), which is dry in the winter. The trees 
first encountered are Dipterocarpus alatus, Gephalostachyum per- 
gracile, a grove of bamboo, species of Ficus, Quercus, Mezoneurum, 
Dalbergia, Meliaceae, etc. The banks of the sandy creek bed become 
steeper and finally are clothed altogether with Taraktogenos kurzii. 
The undergrowth again is Polyhotrya hamiltoniana Presl, a sand- 
loving fern. The bark of the kalaw trees is smooth, pale yellowish 
brown; the trunks are straight; the branches, which appear quite 
low down, are at right angles to the trunk, but droop downward, giv- 
ing the trees a pyramidal shape and the aspect of an old Abies or 
fir. (PI. VIII.) The fruits, which are perfectly round and not 
pointed at the apex, are the size of a large orange, of a light fawn 
color and velvety tomentose. (PI. IX.) They are on short, thick- 
ened peduncles and are borne on the ends of the flexible branches 
which become pendent owing to the weight of the fruits. (PL X.) 
Unfortunately, there were no mature fruits to be found on any of 
the trees, but a quantity of seeds, which either had escaped the vigi- 
