18 
BULLETIN 848, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
cow, and therefore having to buy all the milk and butter used, in- 
cluded three-fourths of the families on the smallest farms, one-half 
of those in the second size-group, and one-fourth of the families on 
the 21 to 30 acre tillable area. The size of poultry flocks was larger 
on the larger farms and the consumption of home-produced poultry 
and eggs was also greater on those farms. The average consumption 
of home-produced pork for family use was 223 pounds on the farms 
of 10 tillable acres and under, and 447 pounds per family on the 
farms of 21 to 30 acres. No attempt was made to determine the 
quantity of fruits and vegetables kept for home use, but a great 
variety of these are raised on all farms and the variation in home 
consumption on different-sized farms was probably not great. 
To the family moving from the city to a small farm the farm 
products furnished directly by the farm may seem very important, 
but comparing them to the value of those usually furnished on the 
larger farm, they are relatively unimportant. The man on the small 
farm usually specializes in production and often does not find it 
profitable to keep a cow, chickens, and pigs, for raising food for 
home consumption only. On larger farms these stock are more often 
kept as regular farm enterprises, making much more meat and other 
animal products available for home use. 
TENURE. 
Table VII shows the relation of tenure to profits and type of farm- 
ing. Only 16 per cent of the farms studied were operated by tenants. 
Twenty of the tenants paid a cash rent, and four gave a share of the 
crops as rent. The share was usually one-half of the crops, the land- 
lord paying one-half of the expenditure for seeds and fertilizer, and 
all the taxes, insurance, and repairs on buildings. 
Table VII. — Relation of tenure to type of farming and profits on 152 small 
farms near Washington, D. C. 
Number of farms 
Tillable area, acres 
Acres of crops 
Per cent crop receipts are of total receipts . 
Capital 
Farm income l 
Interest on investment 2 
Owners. 
92 
18.3 
18.9 
89 
$5, 633 
$666 
5.8 
Owners 
renting 
additional 
land. 
36 
20.5 
23.0 
89 
$4, 475 
$845 
11.3 
Rented farms . 
Tenants. Landlords. 
24 
13.6 
$464 
$405 
25.0 
$5, 222 
$152 
2.9 
i Farm income: Receipts less expenses. 
2 Percentage farm income less value of farmer's labor is of the investment. 
The type of farming followed by the renters is very clearly indi- 
cated by the fact that 96 per cent of receipts are from crops. The 
average rent paid for the 24 farms was $162 a year. It is to the ad- 
