WHEAT, OATS, AND BARLEY IN SOUTH DAKOTA. . 19 
them all the stock known as C. I. No. 1440 (S. Dak. Xo. 75) has proved 
the best for South Dakota conditions. This variety, typical heads of 
which are shown in figure 5, should receive more attention from the 
growers of South Dakota. 
Arnautka. — The variety of durum wheat known as South Dakota 
Xo. 150 is typical of the Arnautka group. It is the only one of this 
group that has excelled the Kubanka (C. I. Xo. 1440, S. Dak. Xo. 75) 
in yield. At Brookings it has exceeded the latter by an average of 
4.6 bushels and at Highmore by 0.4 bushel per acre, as shown in 
Table II. A comparison of these } T ields indicates that it is peculiarly 
adapted to the locality of Brookings, but that at Highmore, where 
the conditions in normal seasons are more nearly typical of the State 
as a whole, it is not materially better in yield than the Kubanka 
(C. I. Xo. 1440). This variety matures a day or two later than 
Kubanka. 
In milling quality the Arnautka is inferior to the Kubanka. Ac- 
cording to a test made by Shepard x from samples grown at the High- 
more substation, the Kubanka (C. I. Xo. 1440) made 15.5 per cent 
more flour than the Arnautka (S. Dak. Xo. 150). This stock of the 
Arnautka was obtained from Fargo, X. Dak., in 1904. Further than 
that, its history is unknown. Everything considered, it seems advis- 
able to discourage rather than to encourage the growing of this 
variety, and for this reason the experiment station has not distrib- 
uted it. 
EXPERIMENTS WITH OATS. 
PRODUCTION IN SOUTH DAKOTA. 
The production of oats in South Dakota has doubled during the 
last 10 years, a condition which is due to the increase in acreage 
rather than to an increased yield per acre. The climatic conditions 
of South Dakota are not especially favorable to the production of 
this crop, but at least enough should be grown each year to supply 
the home demand. If more attention were given to growing pure 
varieties and keeping the product up to a better standard, a better 
price would doubtless result directly from the increased demand. 
The investigations here reported were for the purpose of deter- 
mining what varieties among those now existing are best adapted to 
this State. Briefly, they show that certain varieties are much better 
adapted to South Dakota conditions than others and that consid- 
erable improvement in yield and quality of the crop can be obtained 
by the more common use of these varieties. 
The average production of oats in South Dakota for the 10 years 
from 1903 to 1912 was 33,673,100 bushels, with an average yield 
of 29.3 bushels per acre. If the price is such that the first 20 bushels 
per acre will pay the cost of production, the raising of oats has 
1 Shepard, J. H. Macaroni or durum wheats. (A continuation of Bulletin 02. » South 
Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 99, pp. 105-115. 1906. 
