THE PINK BOLLWORM. 19 
in a remarkably short time and became available for use on the date 
mentioned. Two of these plants were erected in Boston and one at 
Oakland, Cal. A little later additional plants were erected at New 
York City and Newark, N. J., and two plants are now available in 
Seattle, Wash. These establishments have a capacity sufficient to 
handle all of the imported cotton without any special delay. The 
larger plants have a capacity of upward of 1,000 bales per day. 
The procedure to be followed in the fumigation of foreign cotton 
is given in an order of the Federal Horticultural Board (12). The 
kind of cyanicl and sulphuric acid is specified. The rate is 6 ounces 
of sodium cyanid per 100 cubic feet. The cotton to be fumigated is 
placed in the fumigating chambers, the doors to these chambers are 
closed, and the air is exhausted until the vacuum gauge registers 25 
inches. At this stage the gas is generated in a retort connected with 
the large chamber. The valve of the connecting pipe is opened ; after 
the expiration of 15 minutes air is allowed to pass through the gen- 
erator for 5 minutes for the purpose of removing any gas which may 
be present. The air valve on the fumigating chamber is then opened 
and the air allowed to rush in until the gauge registers 5 inches. 
The cotton then remains in the chamber for 1 hour and 40 minutes, 
making the total process of fumigation 2 hours. After the comple- 
tion of the exposure, to remove the gas the pumps are run again and 
a vacuum of 25 inches established. At this stage the valves are 
opened and the pumps kept running for some time to complete the 
washing out of the gas from the bales. The pumps are then stopped 
and the doors of the chamber opened so that the cotton can be re- 
moved and another lot put in. 
On December 27, 1915, Mr. R. I. Smith, the inspector of the board 
at Boston, Mass., called the attention of the board to the fact that a 
considerable amount of cotton waste was being imported. Some of 
this waste was found to contain more than twenty times as much seed 
as a bale of ordinary cotton. On this account the definition of the 
term " cotton " in the regulations was changed to include all grades 
of cotton waste except those resulting from processes of manufacture 
which render it mechanically impossible that seeds may be contained. 
These are the grades of waste resulting from the carding machines 
and subsequent processes in the manufacture of cotton. The require- 
ment of fumigation of cotton waste went into effect on February 16, 
1916. 
On April 11, 1916, the collector of customs at Norfolk, Va., tele- 
graphed the board that some 189 tons of cotton seed from Lagos, West 
Africa, constituted a portion of the cargo of the British steamship 
Apjyam, brought to Newport News as a German prize of war. In 
cooperation with the Office of Markets the board took immediate steps 
