APPENDIX. 
METHODS AND STANDARDS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBU- 
TION OF CERTIFIED MILK. 
(Adopted by the American Association of Medical Milk Commissions, May 1, 
1912.) 
HYGIENE OF THE DAIRY. 
UNDER THE SUPERVISION AND CONTROL OF THE VETERINARIAN. 
1. Pastures or paddocks. — Pastures or paddocks to which the cows have access 
shall be free from marshes or stagnant pools, crossed by no stream which 
might become dangerously contaminated, at sufficient distances from offensive 
conditions to suffer no bad effects from them, and shall be free from plants 
which affect the milk deleteriously. 
2. Surroundings of "buildings. — The surroundings of all buildings shall be kept 
clean and free from accumulations of dirt, rubbish, decayed vegetable or animal 
matter or animal waste, and the stable yard shall be well drained. 
3. Location of buildings. — Buildings in which certified milk is produced and 
handled shall be so located as to insure proper shelter and good drainage, and 
at sufficient distance from other buildings, dusty roads, cultivated and dusty 
fields, and all other possible sources of contamination ; provided, in the case of 
unavoidable proximity to dusty roads or fields, the exposed side shall be screened 
with cheesecloth. 
4. Construction of stables. — The stables shall be constructed so as to facili- 
tate the prompt and easy removal of waste products. The floors and platforms 
shall be made of cement or other nonabsorbent material and the gutters of 
cemeut only. The floors shall be properly graded and drained, and the manure 
gutters shall be from 6 to 8 inches deep and so placed in relation to the plat- 
form that all manure will drop into them. 
5. The inside surface of the walls and all interior construction shall be 
smooth, with tight joints, and* shall be capable of shedding water. The ceiling 
shall be of smooth material and dust tight. All horizontal and slanting surfaces 
which might harbor dust shall be avoided. 
6. Drinking and feed troughs. — Drinking troughs or basins shall be drained 
and cleaned each day, and feed troughs and mixing floors shall be kept in a 
clean and sanitary condition. 
7. Stanchions. — Stanchions, when used, shall be constructed of iron pipes or 
hardwood, and throat latches shall be provided to prevent the cows from lying 
down between the time of cleaning and the time of milking. 
8. Ventilation. — The cow stables shall be provided with adequate ventilation 
either by means of some approved artificial device, or by the substitution of 
cheesecloth for glass in the windows, each cow to be provided with a minimum 
of 600 cubic feet of air space. 
9. Windows. — A sufficient number of windows shall be installed and so dis- 
tributed as to provide satisfactory light and a maximum of sunshine, 2 feet 
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