MEDICAL MILK COMMISSIONS AND CERTIFIED MILK. 15 
FEEDING. 
On account of the dust and odors which arise from the feeding 
of hay, grain, and silage, nearly all certified dairies prefer to do the 
feeding after milking has been completed. 
BARNYARD. 
The barnyard should be well drained and kept free from all filth. 
If good natural drainage can not be secured it is sometimes necessary 
to fill in the barnyard with coal ashes, gravel, shells, or some other 
drainage material. Sometimes underdrains are put in to carry away 
superfluous moisture. As the cows often lie down in the barnyard, 
Fig. 1. — Ordinary milk pail made into a small-top pail by the addition of a hood. 
it is important to keep the yard clean, so that they may not become 
unnecessarily dirty. 
UTENSILS. 
Particular attention is paid by certified dairies to the construction 
of the utensils which come in contact with the milk. It is most de- 
sirable to have the utensils as free as possible from all crevices and 
inaccessible parts. The simplest utensils are the ones which are the 
most readily cleaned, and hence the danger of contamination from 
them is less. Small-top milk pails are used by practically every 
certified dairy. There are many forms of the small-top milk pail 
in use at the present time, and it is generally known that these pails 
are responsible for the elimination of many bacteria from milk. 
Figure 1 shows a small-top pail which can be made from an ordi- 
nary milk pail by the addition of a hood. This pail will take the 
place of some of the more expensive kinds and do very satisfactory 
work. 
