FARMERS* INSTITUTE AND EXTENSION WORK, 1913. 23 
North Carolina. — A new feature of the work in North Carolina was the holding 
of a three-day normal or training institute for the benefit of lecturers prior to their 
starting out on institute work. This year before making up the programs or selecting 
the speakers the director wrote to members of the committees in the several com- 
munities asking them to suggest topics that would in their opinion be likely to be 
most helpful to their different localities. Two hundred and thirty-two days of 
women's institutes were held, consisting of 460 sessions and attended by 20,268 women. 
The dates, places, and programs of the institutes are arranged by the State director 
in consultation with the local committees. Thirty-five thousand reports of the pro- 
ceedings of the institutes were printed and distributed. 
Ohio. — Under the new law the number of institutes required to be held in each 
county has been increased from four to five. The funds are distributed on the basis 
of |300 for each of the 88 counties. The dates, places, and programs of the institutes 
are arranged by the institute committee of the State board of agriculture. 
Oklahoma. — Owing to radical changes in the law, institutes have been without 
organization since January, 1913. This was brought about through a bill which 
recalled the board of agriculture and practically destroyed the institute organization. 
Institutes for women, however, were held as usual, to the number of 497, attended by 
30,922 women. The entire appropriation for women's work was $5,000. The special 
feature introduced during the year was that of home nursing and rural hygiene. 
Oregon. — In Oregon an act was passed appropriating $25,000 per annum to con- 
duct and encourage educational extension demonstrations and field work in the sev- 
eral counties of the State to include agriculture, horticulture, dairying, domestic 
science, and other industries. The several counties were also authorized to provide 
and appropriate funds for use in agricultural or farm demonstrations and field work, 
and for each dollar so provided by the county there should be the sum of $1 in addi- 
tion to the appropriation of $25,000 to be paid out of any moneys in the State treasury 
not otherwise appropriated. The total amount so appropriated to any county having 
an area of 5,000 square miles or less, not to exceed $2,000 in any one year; and to any 
large county not to exceed $4,000 in any one year. A woman has been employed for 
the domestic science and art work, one man has been employed for extension work in 
horticulture, and another is to be added for the work in animal husbandry and dairy 
production. 
Pennsylvania. — The last Legislature of Pennsylvania 'enacted a law providing 
for the employment by the institute director of 10 farm advisors whose duties shall be 
to visit the farmers of the State and aid them in all questions relating to farm opera- 
tions, embracing crop rotation, drainage and water supply, small fruits, market 
gardening, horticulture, animal husbandry, dairying, and poultry. An appropria- 
tion of $40,000 for the season was made for carrying this act into effect. The leg- 
islature also increased the regular appropriation for farmers' institute work from 
$22,500 to $27,500. The following special topics were assigned to be discussed in 
every institute during the year: Poultry, dairying, horticulture, soils, and market 
gardening. An appropriation of $12.50 per day is allowed to each county chairman 
for hall rent, printing, and hotel and traveling expenses. The balance of the appro- 
priation by the State is used by the State director in paying for the services, hotel 
and traveling expenses of lecturers. 
Rhode Island. — No special appropriation was made for farmers' institute work, 
but the sum of $700 was set aside for this purpose from the fund appropriated for the 
general work of the board of agriculture. Demonstrations for controlling tree pests, 
also in pruning and spraying were held under institute auspices. The institute 
lecturers also devoted a considerable amount of time to the development of school 
garden work and in conducting industrial contests. 
South Carolina. — A new feature of the institute work in South Carolina has been 
the holding of institutes on the farms, using the stock and field crops for illustrative 
