26 
BULLETIN 1039, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
of the Crimean group have given satisfactory yields. The Alton 
(Ghirka Winter) and Buffum Xo. 17 varieties were somewhat prom- 
ising, but were inferior to Turkey in both yield and quality. 
COMPARISON OF SPRING AND WINTER WHEATS. 
A comparison of the annual and average yields of Kharkof winter 
wheat with Kubanka durum and Power common spring wheats is 
shown in Table XVII. The average yields also are shown graphi- 
cally in figure 7. Xo winter wheat was sown in the cereal experi- 
ments in the fall of 1918, so the yield of winter wheat shown was ob- 
tained from a plat of the Turkey variety on fallowed land in the ex- 
periments of the Office of Dry-Land Agriculture. The Kubanka and 
Power varieties were grown in the spring- wheat varietal experiments 
each year. Kubanka spring wheat, C. I. No. 1440. was sown in the 
same series with the winter wheat varieties from 1913 to 1917, in- 
/o ss so 
SPK/MG COM MOW 
2S 
/2.9BU 
Fig. 7. — Diagram showing the average yields, in bushels per acre, of the best varieties of 
winter wheat and of durum and common spring wheat on dry land at the Belle Fourche 
Experiment Farm for the 12-year period from 1908 to 1919, inclusive. 
elusive. The average yield during this 5-year period was the same as 
for Kubanka. C. I. Xo. 1516, in the spring-wheat varietal experiment, 
so the yields of the latter are shown here. In 1914 the spring wheat 
was sown on corn ground instead of fallowed land, so the yields are 
not entirely comparable with those of winter wheat, which was 
grown on fallow every year. Plats of Kharkof Avinter wheat, Ku- 
banka spring wheat, and Swedish winter rye are shown in figure 8. 
The crops of both winter and spring wheat in 1911 and 1912 were 
destroyed by drought. The 1918 crop of winter wheat was destroyed 
by fall drought, winterkilling, and soil blowing. 
Kharkof winter wheat has outyielded Kubanka durum, the highest 
yielding variety of spring wheat, in 7 out of 10 years in which a 
crop was obtained. The average yield of Kharkof is 20.7 bushels 
per acre, compared with 17.5 bushels of Kubanka and 12.9 bushels 
of Power. The crops of winter wheat in 1916, 1917. and 1918 were 
damaged by soil blowing and winterkilling, so that spring wheat 
was more successful during this period. The Kharkof variety was 
injured by rust in 1916 more than Kubanka. which is rather resistant. 
