CONTROL OF GIPSY MOTH BY FOREST MANAGEMENT. 33 
ing the stand regarded as the price the owner has paid for the satis- 
faction of not denuding his land, for relief from annual expenses, the 
results of which are only palliative, and for future insurance against 
damage by the gipsy moth. 
The possibility of control by management, without planting, is the 
object of experiments now in progress.’ Pending their conclusion, it 
is believed that sufficient information has been given in the foregoing ~ 
to guide owners of stands of this character who wish to do something 
at once. 
Of the two plans outlined, the first, clear cutting and immediate 
planting of the whole area, is preferable from considerations of forest 
management, of moth control, and of minimum expense. Economic 
conditions preclude the expectation of its general adoption in the 
near future, but it is strongly recommended to owners willing to meet 
the expense. 
Others must face the fact that they can not at present expect to 
secure moth control by forest management. 
STAND AT EXETER, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
THE MANAGEMENT OF A TYPICAL MIXED OAK STAND WiTH THREE-TENTHS WHITE OAK. 
The woodlot of 2.5 acres contained 15 species, but since red, white, 
and black oak together constituted 87 per cent of the whole, it may be 
considered from the standpoint of management as a mixed oak stand. 
It is on good agricultural soil, a dark, brown, sandy loam, deep, moist, 
and well drained. The trees averaged 6.1 inches in diameter breast 
high and about 35 years old. 
The surrounding region had been infested with the gipsy moth 
since 1908, the infestation coming apparently from the northeast. 
In 1913 the count on this lot disclosed 949 egg clusters per acre. 
There was very severe defoliation, but it was not all due to gipsy- 
moth caterpillars. They were responsible for part of it, but a very 
large part was the work of brown-tail and forest tent caterpillars. 
If the stand were not infested, it could be handled like that at 
Dover, as a sprout forest. 
If the owner wishes to attempt to control the gipsy moth by forest 
management, the two methods suggested for Dover will be applicable, 
with certain modifications. 
One cutting.—If cut clear and planted, the products will be less, 
because, though the trees averaged a little larger, there were only 
three-fifths as many—300 per acre. The product will probably be 
about 20 cords of good cordwood per acre, worth, as this lot is 
situated, about $3 per cord on the lot. 
1See also, Results of Experiments in Controlling the Gipsy Moth by Removing Its 
Favorite Food Plants. By A. F. Burgess and D. M. Rogers, Journal of Economic Ento- 
mology, Vol. VI, pp. 75 to 79 (1913). 
