14 BULLETIN 30, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
of thousand plants to the acre was determined for each variety.! 
Then the vigor, color, manner of growth, date of heading, date of 
ripening, height, and date of harvesting were noted, each in its turn. 
All the eee data thus obtained will be presen ted i in their ees: 
places during the ensuing discussion of the various cereals. 
A small separator with a 20-inch cylinder was used in thrashing. 
To determine the yields of the plats the total weight of the crop from 
each plat was first obtained. After thrashing, the weight of the grain 
was noted and this was subtracted from the total weight in order to 
determine the weight of the straw and chaff. The weighings were 
made at the thrashing machine, one just before and the other imme- 
diately after the grain was thrashed. Multiplying the weight of the 
grain from each plat by 5, 10, or 20, according to the size of the plat, 
gave the total weight of grain per acre. This weight divided by the 
standard bushel weight gave the actual yield to the acre in bushels. 
Varietal Tests. 
The plat tests have included 105 varieties and strains of cereals. 
There were 68 varieties and strains of winter wheat, 1 winter oat, 
3 winter barleys, 2 winter emmers, 10 spring wheats, 7 spring oats, 
and 14 spring barleys.? 7 
The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station had conducted varietal 
tests at Nephi previous to cooperation. They had tested 9 common 
winter wheats, 3 durum varieties planted in the fall, 1 common spring 
wheat, and 3 spring durums. Tests had been made also of 4 varieties 
of oats, including 1 winter variety, and with 3 varieties of barley. 
Some very satisfactory results had been obtained with these cereals, 
but the test was of a duration too short to be conclusive. These 
varieties were therefore continued after cooperation in addition to 
the varieties brought from other stations. 
WHEAT. 
It is generally agreed that the Intermountain States comprise a 
winter-wheat area. Farmers have recognized this fact for years, 
and experimental results furnish conclusive evidence in that respect. 
Spring wheats are sown only occasionally, when the farmer has been 
unsuccessful in getting all his land sown to winter wheat or when 
extensive winterkilling of the fall-sown wheats necessitates reseeding 
the land in the spring. In the latter case it is considered better to 
get a small crop of spring wheat than no crop at all. 
1 See page 23 for an explanation of the method used in making these determinations. 
2 Eleven of these are spring barleys which have been grown at the Arlington Experimental Farm, near 
Washington, D. C., for several years as winter varieties. They were planted at Nephi in the fall of 1911, 
but are not yet considered winter varieties at this station. 
