CEREAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE NEPHI SUBSTATION. 49 
There seems to have been no definite correlation between stand 
and yield. 
The average date of heading and also the average date of ripening 
were about the same for all varieties. 
The average height of the winter wheats at Nephi during 1908 to 
1912, inclusive, was 27 inches. 
Approximately 1 pound of grain was produced with every pound of 
straw. | 
The average bushel weight for all varieties of winter wheat for the 
5-year period was 61.4 pounds, or 1.4 pounds above the standard 
weight. 
The average acre yield of spring wheats since 1908 is only 7.5 
bushels for durum varieties and 8.9 bushels for common varieties, 
which is unprofitable in comparison with the acre yield of 17 to 23 
bushels from winter wheats. 
Boswell Winter oats have yielded very well in some seasons. In 
other seasons the yield has been low, thus reducing the average acre 
yield to 17.2 bushels for 1909 to 1912. However, the variety gives 
ereat promise as a winter oat for the intermountain region. 
The Black American, Giant Yellow, and Swedish Select varieties of 
spring oats have acre yields of 15.2, 14.2, and 13.6 bushels, respec- 
tively, in 1909 to 1912, inclusive. 
Two winter varieties of barley have given promising results. Of 
these two, Utah Winter (C. I. No. 592) has yielded an average of 19.6 
bushels per acre, as against 15.8 bushels for Tennessee Winter (C. I. 
No. 257). ae : 3 
Three spring varieties were practically failures and were discarded 
in 1910. 7 : 
Black Winter emmer has shown itself adapted to conditions at 
Nephi, and probably will prove a valuable crop on the dry farms of the 
Mountain States. There was no apparent difference during 1912 
between Buffum’s Improved Black Winter emmer (C. I. No. 3331) 
and the ordinary Black Winter emmer (C. I. No. 2337). 
The nursery experiments comprised five main groups, namely, head 
rows, increase rows, minor cereals, tests of the value of different sizes 
of seed of two spring and two winter varieties of wheat, and tests of 
different treatments of seed wheat. 
The following data obtained from the head rows are directly related 
to the results of the plat experiments: 
(1) The average winter survival of the cereals was about 65 per cent. 
(2) The tillering of the winter cereals varied with the thickness of the stand. 
(3) The average number of culms per plant in winter cereals seldom exceeded 25, 
though favored plants would sometimes have a greater number. 
(4) The average yields of the head rows gave the winter cereal varieties about the 
same rank as did the plat experiments. 
