FARM MANAGEMENT STUDY OF COTTOX FARMS. 23 
land rented. All expenses were charged and receipts were credited 
to the operators as though they owned the land. All calculations 
hereafter mentioned in this bulletin treat of the farms as though 
operated by their owners, thus eliminating the factor of tenure. 
By this method, labor incomes, per cent return on investment, andi 
other standards of efficiency, are made comparable for all farms. 
TYPE OF FARM. 
Stock holds a very minor place in the farm practice of Ellis 
County. Only 9 per cent of the farm area is devoted to pasture, 87 
per cent being in crops, and the remaining 4 per cent waste land 
occupied Ijv roads, stream channels, bluffs, etc. Fifty per cent of the 
farms have more than 90 per cent of the farm area in crops and 90 
per cent have more than 70 per cent of the farm area in crops. 
Twenty-one per cent of the farms have no pasture land and 73 per 
cent have less than 10 per cent of their area in pasture. Crop farm- 
ing, therefore, is the major portion of the farm business. 
COTTON 
CORN 
14.1 
,0 OATS 
<L 
O ALFALFA 
I 
O SORGHUM 
5 69 
O 
■ 
■ 
WHEAT 
.6 
1 
MISCELLANEOUS 
2.7 
Fig. 6. — Proportion of crop land devoted to the principal crops (115 farms, Ellis 
County. Tex.). 
Figure 6 shows graphically the proportion of the crop land in 
the principal crops. It is seen that cotton occupies 71.9 per cent, 
or nearly three-fourths of the crop area, corn 14.1 per cent, oats 6.9 
per cent, alfalfa 1.9 per cent, wheat 0.6 per cent, and miscellaneous 
crops 2.7 per cent. The miscellaneous crops consist of the following: 
sorghum, milo maize, kafir corn, Sudan grass, Johnson grass, sweet 
potatoes, and a few others of very minor importance. 
Sixty-seven per cent of the farms have more than 70 per cent of 
their crop area in cotton, while only -1 per cent have 40 per cent 
or less of their crop area in cotton. Five per cent of the farms have 
no corn. Fifty-eight per cent have from 11 to 20 per cent of their 
crop area in corn, and only 1 per cent have more than 30 per cent of 
their crop area in corn. 
Eighty per cent of the farms have no oats for grain and 36 per 
cent have no oat hay. Thirty-one per cent have no sorghum, and 99 
per cent have less than 10 per cent crop acreage in this feed crop. 
