4 BULLETIN 935, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Percentage of leading varieties of apples produced. 
Variety. 
191.5-16 
1918-19 
1919-20 
Cars. 
Percent. 
Cars. 
Per cent. 
Cars. 
Percent. 
2,614 
2,430 
1,238 
802 
711 
333 
3,337 
22.8 
21.2 
10.8 
7.0 
6.2 
2.9 
29.1 
6,129 
2,564 
1,041 
1,022 
946 
713 
6,861 
31.8 
13.3 
5.4 
5.3 
4.9 
3.7 
i 35. 6 
8,319 
5,989 
4,325 
2,994 
2,328 
1,663 
7,652 
25 
18 
9 
7 
5 
23.0 
Total 
11,465 
100.0 
19, 276 
100.0 
33, 270 
100.0 
iThe percentage of miscellaneous varieties shown for the 1918-19 season includes cars of mixed varieties 
that could not be segregated. A number of these cars contained some apples of the Winesap, Jona- 
than, Rome Beauty, Spitzenberg, Yellow Newtown, and Delicious varieties. 
Conditions peculiar to the different districts have made necessary 
specialization in varieties grown. In southern Idaho the bulk of 
the crop is composed of Winesap, Rome Beauty, and Jonathan apples. 
In Hood River Valley Yellow Xewtowns and Spitzenbergs predomi- 
nate, with a very small percentage of other varieties. The Yakima 
Valley grows a large percentage of Winesaps and Jonathans. The 
Wenatchee Valley also produces many of the Winesap variety, and 
the Jonathan and Delicious together about equal the Winesaps. The 
Rome Beauty predominates in the Walla Walla and Spokane Val- 
leys. Growers in the Bitter Root Valley specialize largely on the 
Mcintosh. 
The following varieties were not grown in sufficiently large volume 
to show the relative percentages : Arkansas Black, Ben Davis, 
Gravenstein, Grimes, King David, Mcintosh, Ortley, Stayman, Wine- 
sap, Wagener, White Pearmain, Banana. 
PREPARATION FOR MARKET. 
Orchards throughout the Pacific Xorthwest have been kept in a 
state of high cultivation and every known means is employed to 
grow and develop trees that will produce the largest possible crop 
of highly colored fruit. The trees are pruned to a shape that 
facilitates spraying and picking. Rigid grading rules, strictly en- 
forced, have resulted in an excellent pack. 4 Frequent changes have 
been made in these rules, but the general tendency has been toward 
improvement. 
As production increases in volume harvesting, packing, and ship- 
ping problems become increasingly difficult. A very large propor- 
tion of the labor employed during this period is migratory and 
temporary. This is especially true of sorters, packers, and those 
employed in loading the cars. They move from the south to the 
north as the various fruit crops in the West are harvested. 
4 Grading rules adopted for Washington will be found in Exhibit No. 4, p. 17. 
