GROUND-WOOD PULP. 63 
of the type required by the particular stock being printed. During 
shipment to New York the roll made from white fir (stock 15) and 
that from amabilis fir (stock 17) were considerably battered and 
torn at the edges. This caused the rolls to run unevenly at the 
start, though after a short time no trouble was experienced. 
The paper from Alpine fir (stock 14) gave a good, clean, white 
sheet, had a good surface, took ink well, and from the printer’s 
standpoint was considered the best sheet of the series. The amabilis 
fir paper (stock 17), although not as well formed, had a good surface, 
‘brought out the cuts fairly well, and was ranked second in the series. 
In general, the papers fed smoothly and the few irregularities met 
with were due to defects which could be easily prevented after a 
little experience in manufacture. 
Following is an extract from the New York Herald in regard to 
the tests: 
WORKS WELL ON PRESSES. 
When the paper was all run off the foreman said he had had no more difficulty 
with the experimental Government paper than with any other that ever had been 
used on the presses. It fed smoothly, and while a slight imperfection appeared 
here and there, this was attributed to the mechanical irregularities and not to a fault 
of the pulp stock. The amabilis fir and the Alpine fir were credited with being the 
best, having a better finish, better surface, better color, and with a much better 
TOKMTAtOMA Ns 
The experimental runs developed results that showed that the Government paper 
was being printed under a handicap. In the first place, there was not enough of any 
one particular sample of the paper to enable the pressmen to acquire the familiarity 
that tends to the most perfect results. 
With all the paper different in texture, thickness, weight, and formation, it was 
necessary to run rolls of differing texture together, so that the press data naturally 
were constantly mixed and the few breaks in the running could not be traced with 
the same satisfactory certainty that is the case when one kind of paper is feeding 
through all the parts of the press. The weight of the paper was also variable, com- 
pared one roll with another, and the tension set for a roll running heavy would, of 
course, have to be set differently for another roll running much lighter in weight, 
DEMONSTRATION SATISFACTORY. 
Another handicap under which the Government experts worked lay in the fact 
that they had made up such a small quantity of the paper that they naturally did 
not have as fine a quality as if they had been able to experiment with a dozen rolls 
before they finally adjusted their machines to the ultimate product. Moreover, in 
its shipment it had been damaged, so that it rolled unevenly. Despite these handi- 
caps the demonstration was notably satisfactory. 
The general impression of the press experts was that the amabilis fir and the Alpine 
fir had given the best results in the press. These rolls had a blue-white surface and 
general softness that made it almost impossible to distinguish them from spruce 
papers. 
To obtain the opinions of paper producers and users, samples of 
the experimental sheets were submitted to a number of manu- 
facturers and publishers. Their comments tend to show that 
different sheets are favored by different individuals, a fact which 
