40 BULLETIN 348, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
fairly sharp stone and without an unusual expenditure of power. 
The result is a pulp very satisfactory for news-print purposes. The 
yield is approximately 2,060 pounds (bone dry) per hundred cubic 
feet. of solid rossed wood. This wood is usually free from knots and 
: other irregularities, and has a fairly thin, 
smooth bark. 
Amabilis fir readily grinds to a pulp suit- 
able for news-print purposes. The color of 
the pulp is shghtly grayish, but an excellent 
fiber can be produced with a sharp stone 
and a reasonable amount of power. In 
strength the pulp is about equal to that 
obtained from spruce. The wood used in 
the tests was split from large logs having 
a number of good-sized knots. The yield 
is approximately 1,870 pounds (bone dry) | 
per hundred cubic feet of solid rossed 
wood. Asin the case of red fir, the thick 
bark of amabilis fir would result in decreas- _ 
ae ing the yield were the latter figured on the — 
Fig. 27—Amabilis fir (Abics amae- basis of a rougn-piled cord. 
we Lowland or grand fir can be ground on a 
fairly sharp stone to produce pulp well adapted for news-print paper. 
The quality is not up to that of balsam or amabilis fir, but is better 
' than that of white, alpine, or red fir. The Mee produced at the 
laboratory had a daMie grayish cast, 
which in some measure might be due to 
the heart rot that was negtnnse to attack 
many of the logs. The yield was approxi- 
mately 1,950 pounds (bone dry) per hun- 
dred cubic feet of solid rossed wood. 
Noble fir readily yields a pulp satisfac- 
tory for news-print purposes. Like white 
spruce, it can be ground with a wide varia- 
tion of power consumption. The pulp has 
a marked pinkish tinge, which is objec- 
tionable, but the fibers are of unusual 
length and strength, though with a ten- 
dency to coarseness. The wood tested was 
supplied from a large tree freshly cut and 1'6-28-—howland Gr (Abies gramdasys 
was remarkably free from knots. The yield was approximately 
1,920 pounds (bone dry) per hundred cubic feet of solid rossed 
wood, or about 480 pounds less than that from an equal amount of 
spruce. 
