GROUND-WOOD PULP. 15 
tion of steamed wood pulp occurs in the grinding process, either due to 
the dissolving of material which has been converted to a soluble state 
or the grinding of the softer portion of the wood—the springwood— 
to flour and the subsequent loss of it in the white water. There is a 
characteristic odor of burned sugar during the steaming of wood, and 
possibly some of the wood fiber is converted into sugar. 
The condensed liquor from the steamer has a very corrosive action 
on the iron and it is possible that in order to satisfactorily protect 
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VIELD PER 100 CUBIC FEET OF SOLID WOOD — POUNDS 
6 7 
HOURS OF STEAMING 
Fic. 7.—Effect of duration and pressure of steaming on the yield of pulp. (Spruce runs 103 to 107 and 114 
to 119, inclusive.) 
the metal it might be desirable to add small quantities of sodium 
carbonate to the water when the boiling process is used. This, of 
course, would not apply when the wood is steamed. 
The liquors which condense during the steaming of the woods 
may have considerable commercial value, particularly when resinous 
woods are used. The equipment employed in the Wausau laboratory 
was not of sufficient capacity to make it possible to study this 
problem carefully, but an indication of the nature of the condensed 
liquor can be obtained from the following analyses of material 
secured from a mill steaming wood commercially, in which case 
approximately 5 cords of wood were used for each charge. Un- 
fortunately no means were available for measuring the total condensed 
