26 
BULLETIN 711, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
standardization in scaling methods would indicate that this unit 
of measure varies somewhat by regions. Furthermore, the outputs 
on which these figures are based, with the exception of the Puget 
Sound region, are not large enough to give nicely accurate results. 
This is particularly true of the Grays Harbor and Willapa Harbor 
regions. 
The statement does not include the cost of stumpage, interest of 
any kind, discounts on logs sold, or taxes on the standing timber. 
It includes only the cost of transforming and sorting the logs and 
taking them to the point at which they are manufactured into lumber. 
The manufacturers, as a rule, pay the cost of towing in the Puget 
Sound and Columbia Eiver regions; in the Grays Harbor and Wil- 
lapa Harbor regions the logger usually pays it. 
The classification of costs given in the statement is not ideal. It 
is in fact an expedient. Operators use different classifications. In 
collecting the data the classifications of operators were followed, 
and later the classified costs were distributed in the best possible 
manner. 
Table* 4. — Average cost per thousand feet in 1918 for delivering logs from the 
tree to the cargo mills of the Puget Sound, Columbia River, Grays Harbor, and 
Willapa Bay regions. 
Region. 
Item. 
Puget 
Sound. 
Columbia 
River. 
Grays 
Harbor. 
Willapa 
Harbor. 
1. Felling and bucking (labor) 
$0,683 
1.259 
.586 
.206 
.211 
.177 
.307 
.239 
.137 
.24 
.066 
.049 
.046 
.882 
.139 
.029 
.096 
.076 
$0.70 
1.31 
.46 
.24 
.16 
.25 
.45 
.23 
.15 
.28 
.17 
.05 
.07 
.43 
.14 
.05 
.11 
.05 
$0.62 
1.81 
.50 
.14 
.24 
.14 
.32 
.16 
.19 
.30 
.07 
.05 
$0.62 
1.81 
.64 
4. Train crews (labor) 
.09 
5. Dumping and rafting (includes contract work) (labor) 
6. Supplies and maintenance (labor and material) of railroad, 
dump, and boom 
.20 
.06 
7. Supplies and maintenance (labor and material) of equip- 
.32 
8. Fuel for locomotives, logging engines, shops, etc 
.14 
.20 
.30 
11. Depreciation, main line railroad grade, boom, and buildings. 
12. Scaling. , 
.06 
.05 
13. Return of boom sticks 
.59 
.15 
.035 
.08 
.10 
.14 
.75 
.15 
16. Taxes 
.035 
17. Industrial insurance 
.08 
.10 
19. Driving 
.10 
20. Towing 
5.428 
.35 
5.30 
.50 
5.635 
.12 
5.705 
.080 
Total 
5.778 
5.80 
5.755 
5.785 
Item 2 includes the labor cost of yarding, swinging, roading, landing construction, and loading. The 
average cost of this work in any one of the four regions is higher than its average cost in camps that yard 
the logs direct to the track. The higher cost in the Grays Harbor and Willapa Harbor regions is due to 
the fact that a larger percentage of the timber is roaded relatively long distances to the railroads and 
drivable streams. 
Item 3 includes the labor cost of spur railroad and pole road construction. Practically no pole roads 
are used in the Puget Sound and Columbia River regions, while in the Grays Harbor and Willapa Harbor 
regions they are necessary in many cases. The figures indicate that the cost per thousand feet for pole 
road construction may run as high as for railroad construction. 
