LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 
81 
Logging engine sleds. — For protection and convenience in moving, 
logging engines are mounted on well constructed sleds (Fig. 14). 
The more rigid and well secured such a sled is, the more aid it 
is in preserving the alignment and durability of parts. Sleds are 
equipped with heavy rings, chains, bolts, etc., for moving, snubbing, 
etc. They vary in length, ranging from 30 to 60 feet for both yard- 
ing and roading engines. 
The total cost of these sleds ranges from $300 to $600. One 60-foot 
sled cost $600, $309 of which was expended for labor. It is esti- 
mated that 15,000 feet of No. 1 logs and 1 ton of iron were used in 
its construction. The runners were hewn on three sides. The total 
cost -of building a 42-foot sled amounted to $293. This sled con- 
tained 11,000 feet of No. 1 logs, which were valued at $114. The 
labor cost of building three 40-foot 
sleds amounted to $612, which is 
at the rate of $204 per sled. 
The life of sleds varies with the 
character of the sled and of the 
country, the way moving is ac- 
complished, and the size of the ma- 
chine. As a general thing it ranges 
between three and four years. 
Fair-leaders. — In the case of 
narrow drum yarding engines, 
where a true lead is necessary on 
the drums, one main line and one 
trip line fair-leader are mounted 
on the front end of the logging engine sled. They are made in a 
number of different designs. Figure 21 shows a main line fair-leader 
which is adapted for extra heavy service. It weighs 1,220 pounds 
and is sold for $100. Figure 31 shows a trip line fair-leader which 
is adapted for a f-inch line. It weighs 246 pounds and costs $50. 
A larger fair-leader of this type may be used for the main line. 
One adapted for 1-inch or 1^-inch line weighs 675 pounds and 
costs $100. 
Spark arresters. — In the States of Oregon and Washington the 
use of spark arresters under certain conditions is compulsory from 
June 1 to October 1, the Oregon law, which is substantially the 
same as that of Washington, reading : 
From June 1 to October 1 of each year it shall be unlawful for any person, 
firm, or corporation, or employee thereof, to use or operate any locomotive, log- 
ging engine, portable engine, traction engine, or stationary engine using fuel 
61361°— Bull. 711—18 6 
Fig. 31. — Trip line fair-leader. 
