LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION". 103 
a period of five months was as follows : January, $0.882 ; February, 
$0.276 ; March, $0.109 ; April, $0.053 ; May, $0,159. 
The average cost per thousand feet of the wire rope used in trans- 
porting and loading logs to operators that deliver their output to tide- 
water or the Columbia River amounts to about $0.15. The average 
cost by certain regions in accordance with the above is as follows : 
Per 1,000 feet. 
Puget Sound $0. 14 
Columbia River . 15 
Grays Harbor . 19 
Willapa Harbor . 20 
The above figures are based on a large number of camps and in no 
case on less than a year's time. The average cost for the Puget 
Sound region is based on 20 camps and an output of 896,000,000 feet. 
In this region the lowest cost for any camp was $0.07 ; the highest, 
$0.27. The cost at 7 camps ranged from $0.10 to $0.12 ; at 4 camps, 
from $0.13 to $0.15 ; and at 5 camps, from $0.16 to $0.19. The aver- 
age cost for the Columbia River is based on 10 camps and an output 
of 385,000,000 feet. In this region the lowest cost for any camp was 
$0.08; the highest, $0.23. The cost at 3 camps ranged from' $0.10 to 
$0.12 ; at 2 camps, from $0.13 to $0.15 ; at 4 camps, from $0.16 to $0.25. 
In the Grays Harbor and Willapa Harbor regions a great deal of 
long-distance pole-road roading is done, which explains the rela- 
tively higher costs. In these regions the highest cost was $0.30 ; the 
lowest, $0.13. 
The cost of wire rope per thousand feet is a rather large item of 
expense, and varies considerably in different camps. The reasons for 
this variation are to be found in the following factors : 
(a) Life of lines. — Generally speaking, main yarding lines should 
handle three, four, or five million feet. If a line is defective or the 
yarding chance is particularly bad, it may not serve to yard 2,000,000 
feet. Not infrequently, because of defects, main yarding lines have 
to be discarded before they have handled as much as 1,000,000 feet. 
Occasionally, 10,000,000 feet or more are yarded with a main yarding 
line. Taking it straight through the region, in good and bad 
chances, main yarding lines possibly average 4,000,000 feet. They 
last longer as a rule in road (short haul on the ground) or swing 
work than in yarding work. Trip lines last longer than yarding 
lines. Some logging superintendents estimate that they last no 
longer ; others, that they last nearly twice as long. 
At one camp the main yarding lines used during one year aver- 
aged about 4,000,000 feet per line. Eight million feet were yarded 
with one main yarding line. One main yarding line lasted three 
weeks, another only two days. They were If -inch lines. The country 
is mountainous and badly broken up, and the slopes for the most 
part are steep. The logs were moved both uphill and down. They 
