LOGGING IK THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 139 
Cost. — Output is the telling factor in all systems of yarding. With 
the same output the cost of yarding is practically the same for all 
systems. 
The following gives the crew and the wages paid per day at one 
operation : 
Yarding creio. 
1 hook tender $4. 50 
2 choker men 6. 50 
1 unhooker 3. 25 
1 signalman 3. 00 
1 engineer : 4. 00 
1 fireman 3. 00 
1 wood buck 3. 00 
27.25 
Loading crew. 
1 fireman 2. 75 
1 engineer 3. 25 
1 head loader 4. 50 
1 second loader 3. 50 
1 third loader 3. 00 
17.00 
Rigging crew. 
1 head climber : 4.00 
1 second climber 3. 50 
3 helpers ' 9. 00 
1G. 50 
It will be noted that this crew is a little larger than the ordinary 
crew that yards and loads logs with a ground yarding system, and 
that the size of the crew is practically the same as that used in con- 
nection with the Lidgerwood overhead system. A separate engine 
is used in loading. Under some conditions an additional choker man 
would be necessary. 
NOETH BEND SYSTEM. 
The evolving of the striking features of what is now known as the 
North Bend system is credited to Mr. R. W. Vinnedge, of Edgewick, 
Wash. It is used by a number of operators in this region because of 
its simplicity and the fact that it may be worked successfully with 
an ordinary ground yarding engine. 
Rigging. — The carriage rides on a standing line. This standing 
line may be stretched from the tail tree to the head tree, and then 
anchored to stumps, as in the case of the tree-rigged Lidgerwood sys- 
tem ; or it may lead from a drum on the engine as in the case of the 
MacFarlane sky-line system. The latter is the better method and 
