LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIE REGION. 
161 
because of a breakdown in the loading or railroad department. 
The system enables the loaders at all times to select the most desir- 
able logs from the standpoint of making up a carload, which can 
not be clone with the single gin-pole method. Furthermore, better 
settings can be secured for the yarding engines. In one instance 
the logs were yarded in on one side of a ravine, while the railroad 
and loading engine were operated on the other. The bottom of this 
ravine was about 30 feet below the level of the track, providing 
storage space for more than 600 logs. The largest yarding output 
can easily be handled with this method. Landings may or may not 
be used. Some operators feel that they are essential because they 
protect the cars and facilitate ground yarding. In any case they 
are simple in construction (fig. 61). 
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Fig. 66. — Overhead loading system. 
(2) A standing line is used with the other type of overhead sys- 
tem (fig. 65). Two well-guyed trees or gin poles are used, one on 
each side of the track. These can be anywhere from 200 to 800 feet 
apart, the distance depending on the chance, and so located as to per- 
mit the loading of logs from either side of the track at one setting. 
A 1-J-inch standing line is stretched taut from one pole to the other 
at from 40 to 60 feet from the ground. A 11-inch four-sheave car- 
riage, riding the standing line, can be racked in either direction at a 
speed of about 800 feet per minute by two three-fourths inch trip lines. 
The trip lines, leading from opposite ends of the carriage, pass 
through 11 by 2 inch corner blocks suspended at ih^ top of the gin 
poles to the two upper drums of a three-drum, four-cylinder loading 
engine. The seven-eighths to 1 inch main or lifting line, leading 
from a tail hold on one of the gin poles, passing through the two 
lower sheaves of the carriage, looping down and supporting a 14 by 2 
inch fall block in the bight of line, then through a 14 by 2 inch 
61361°— Bull. 711—18 11 
