218 BULLETIN 711, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Another incline of this type was put in operation in Washing- 
ton in 1914. A brief description of this incline and the method of 
its operation follow : 
From the sawmill the logging railroad follows a valley for a dis- 
tance of 2J miles on a broken grade, the maximum grade being 3J 
per cent. At the incline end of the railroad there is a 1,600-foot 
tangent, which breaks into a 24-degree curve. This curve connects 
with a short stretch of tangent track which forms the foot of the in- 
cline. At the foot of the incline there is a passing track for the 
storage of empty cars. This track, being comiected with the main line 
at two points and having a 4 per cent grade, permits the empties to 
be dropped out on the main line toward the incline by gravity. 
The incline is 5,300 feet long and straight for its entire length. 
It has a vertical rise of 1,500 feet, the maximum grade being 56 per 
cent, the minhnum 15 per cent. The latter grade occurs at the pass- 
ing point. 
Starting at the bottom of the incline, there is a single track until 
the passing point is reached. From this point to the top of the in- 
cline there is a double track. At the upper end of the incline the 
tracks are laid 6 feet 8^ inches apart, center to center, except at the 
passing point in the middle of the incline, where they are 12 feet 
apart, center to center. This arrangement insures ample clearance 
for the rope and permits the transportation of camp buildings, log- 
ging engines, and other equipment, up or down the incline, on cars. 
At the top of the incline there is a gravity siding on which the 
empties run. This' siding branches from the incline proper and runs 
along below the logging road for a short distance before connecting 
with it. 
The hoisting line passes through sheaves on the top of a tower or 
headworks set at the top of the incline near the hoisting engine. 
These sheaves, six in number and set tandem, equalize the strain on 
the line. The sheaves are not overloaded, each one being calculated 
to carry a load of 2.000 pounds, one-sixth of the downward pressure 
of the line at this point. 
The lowering engine is located 350 feet back from the head of the 
incline and 250 feet from the headworks. It is mounted on a 55-foot 
sled, which is set level in a pit. A timbered bulkhead is set between 
the front end of the sled and the dirt wall of the excavation. The 
runners of the sled, together with the hold-down weights for the 
brakes, are embedded, thus insuring a very substantial setting. 
The hoist consists of a large gypsy drum, equipped with suitable 
brakes to control the load in its descent, the motive power being fur- 
nished by 11 by 13 inch engines of the reversible type. It is equipped 
with two sets of gears, one set having a gear ratio of 5 to 1. the other 
15 to 1. This arrangement gives a high speed — 900 feet per minute — 
