LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 255 
Hooktender per day__ $5. 00-$6. 00 
Head rigger do 3. 75- 4. 25 
3 riggers do 3. 00- 3. 50 
Sniper do 3. 00- 3. 25 
Chaser do 3. 00- 3. 25 
Signalman do 2. 50 
At times it was deemed necessary to use four riggers besides the 
head rigger, also an extra chaser. 
When double hauling was in progress, it was necessary to use the 
following additional men: Engineer, $3.50 per day; 1 or 2 chasers, 
$3.00 to $3.25 per clay. 
The above crews were employed when oil was used as fuel in the 
logging engines. 
Moving logging engines (5) includes the cost of moving all logging 
engines, such as yarding, swinging, roading, loading, and power- 
scraping engines, from one site to another. 
Landing construction (6) includes the cost of building eight land- 
ings. The cost includes clearing of site, constructing landings, dig- 
ging engine settings, raising gin poles, and putting rigging on gin 
poles. 
Woods water system (T) includes the cost of the laying of pipe 
lines and the pumping of the water for logging engines. 
For loading the logs (9) in 1912 a gin pole, crotch line and grabs, 
and a double-drum loading engine were used. The loading crew 
during the major part of this year consisted of the following: 
Engineer per day__ $3. 25 
Fireman do 2. 75 
Head loader do 3. 75 
Second loader do $3. 25- 3. 50 
Firemen cut the wood for the loading engines, also started the fires 
in the roading or yarding engines, which burned oil. One-half of the 
fireman's wages was charged against the loading, the other half 
against the yarding. At times only one loader was charged against 
the loading, the chaser with the yarding crew doing the work ordi- 
narily done by a second loader. 
Spur railroad construction (10) includes the cost of clearing right 
of way, grading, laying the track, and ballasting the track with 
gravel. It is ne* possible to give the total length of spurs built in 
1912. Three pieces of spur track, amounting to 6,800 feet, were built 
for $5,448, which is at the rate of $4,225 per mile. 
Eailroad maintenance (11) includes the cost of keeping all rail- 
roads in good condition as to surface and alignment, repairing 
trestles, keeping ditches open, taking care of slides, and digging and 
hauling gravel after the roads had been put in operation. In 1912 
it includes the upkeep of about 6 miles of track. During this year 
section foremen were paid $3.50 per day; section hands, $2.50 per 
day. 
