12 BULLETIN 1046, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The names are those which appear in the records of the Kansas 
Agricultural Experiment Station. Most of the varieties in the 
bearded, glabrous-glumed, hard red-kerneled group are very similar 
to the well-known Turkey and Kharkof varieties. | 
Nearly all the winter-wheat varieties proved to be very susceptible 
to stem rust (Pl. III). Three of the pedigreed strains, however, were 
found to be remarkably resistant. These were Kanred and two un- 
named varieties, P1066 and P1068. These three pure-line selections 
- differ morphologically from Turkey and Kharkof in the greater length 
of the short awn or beak found at the tip of the outer or empty glume. 
The average length of the beak in these three varieties is considerably 
greater than in the case of Turkey, Crimean, and Kharkof.’ The va- 
riety P762 (Kansas No. 2401) was named Kanred (from Kansas Red) 
and distributed to farmers in 1914. The other two resistant strains, 
P1066 and P1068, are very similar to Kanred; in fact, the three 
strains seem to be morphologically identical. They appear to differ 
slightly in certain agronomic characters, such as yield, winter hardi- 
ness, and grain quality. The experimental data which are available 
indicate that each of these other two selections is equal to Kanred in 
yield and other agronomic qualities, although they have not been 
grown as long in plats at the agronomy farm and have not been com- 
pared at the branch experiment stations or in cooperative experiments 
with farmers. 
These three strains did not attract any particular attention in 1915, 
as they seemed as heavily rusted (40 to 70 per cent) as many of the 
other varieties, but in 1916 and 1917 very different results were ob- 
tained.2 They were almost free from stem rust (Pl. IV). The 
estimated infections of rust on these three varieties in 1916 were 10, 
5, and 5 per cent respectively, and in 1917 they were 10, 15, and 5 to 
25 per cent, respectively, compared to the maximum figures of 95 to 98 
per cent on other varieties in the same seasons. — | 
The only other variety of winter wheat which gave any evidence 
of resistance was Kansas No. 2390. The infection of stem rust on 
plants of this variety was estimated at 40 per cent in 1915, at 30 per 
cent in 1916, and as ‘‘Trace to 40 per cent’’ in 1917. This variety 
was much less heavily rusted than many other varieties in 1916 and 
1917, but it does not appear to be nearly as resistant as Kanred, 
P1066, and P1068. 
7 This distinguishing character was first called to the attention of the writers by Carleton R. Ball and 
J. Allen Clark, of the Office of Cereal Investigations. 
8 In the light of present knowledge of the existence of several biologic strains of stem rust, with differ- 
ent infection capabilities, the results in 1915 are easily explained as being due to the presence in the rust 
nursery of one or more strains of stem rust which were able to attack these varieties. 
