36 BULLETIN 498, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
One variety (C. I. No. 1524) has been tested since 1911, and the 
highest acre yield has been 31.5 bushels of 32 pounds each. The 
average yield in the five years was 21.8 bushels per acre, or less than 
half the number of pounds per acre yielded by Kherson oats or 
Mariout barley in the same period. 
GRAIN SORGHUMS. 
Several varieties of the grain sorghums, including Manchu and 
White kaoliang, milo, feterita (Sudan durra), and kafir, have been 
tried, but with the exception of Manchu kaoliang all have been dis- 
carded. The cold spring weather in this section makes it difficult 
to secure good stands of most varieties of sorghums. 
The Manchu kaoliang has given the best results, but the yields have 
not been large enough to recommend this crop for trial by farmers. 
Two varieties of broom corn have also been grown. Fair seed 
yields have been obtained, but the brush produced has been of poor 
quality. 
SUMMARY. 
Cooperative experiments with cereals have been conducted at the 
Moro substation during the five years, 1911 to 1915, inclusive. 
Moro is located in Sherman County, in the north-central part of 
Oregon, on the rolling hills of the Columbia Basin, about 15 miles 
from the Columbia River. 
The elevation of the substation is approximately 2,000 feet. The 
soil and climate are typical of a large part of the Columbia Basin in 
Oregon and Washington. 
The average annual precipitation at or near Moro in the past 11 
years has been 11.35 inches. The average seasonal precipitation 
(March to July, inclusive) in the five years, 1911 to 1915, inclusive, 
was 3.83 inches. 
The average evaporation from a free water surface was 45.07 
inches during the seven months, April to October, inclusive, in the 
five years, 1911 to 1915, inclusive. 
The ratios of evaporation to seasonal precipitation and to annual 
precipitation are higher at the Moro substation than at the substa- 
tions at Nephi, Utah, or Moccasin, Mont. 
The average frost-free period in the five years, 1911 to 1915, in- 
clusive, was 155.8 days. The average date of the last frost (32° F.) 
in the spring was May 2, and of the first frost in the fall, October 5. 
The average wind velocity for the years 1911 to 1915, inclusive, 
was 5.9 miles per hour. 
The experimental work with grains at the Moro substation in- 
cludes varietal testing and breeding, crop rotation, and tillage experi- 
ments. Only the results of varietal experiments with spring grains 
are reported in this bulletin. 
