10 BULLETIN 1376, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
animals suffered. In this table are included not only the animals 
which recovered but the two which died. 
Table 4. — Duration of sickness 
Animal 
Duration of symptoms 
Animal 
Duration of symptoms 
Cattle Nos.: 
965 1 
Days 
Hours 
Min vela 
Sheep Nos. : 
727 -. 
Days 
2 
Hours 
2 
8 
1 
21 
Min utes 
19 
10 
42 
21 
995 --- 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
2 
2 
736 
982.- 
25 
714 
974 -.- 
720 
4 
3 
983 - 
21 
3 
752 
971 
726 
16 
21 
14 
21 
997.-.- 
755 
Sheep Nos.: 
741 
1 
5 
18 
19 
18 
759 
3 
721 
14 
746 
7122 
748 -- 
55 
50 
Average, cattle... 
Average, sheep... 
1 
2 
13 
55 
41 
752 
9 
2 
715 
' One observation. * One observation. 
The average duration in the case of cattle was 1 day, 13 hours, and 
55 minutes, with a maximum of 2 days, 1 hour, and 25 minutes and a 
minimum of a single observation. The average in the case of sheep 
was 2 days and 41 minutes, with a maximum of 9 days, 19 hours, and 
50 minutes, and a minimum of a single observation. 
If this table is compared with the data in the general table, it will 
be seen that the duration of sickness was greatest in those animals 
which suffered most severely. The average of the cattle is about 
three-fourths that of the sheep. It may be noted in this connection 
that the cattle were not so severely affected as the sheep. 
COMPARISON OF DURATION OF SYMPTOMS IN SPECIES OF ZYGADENUS 
In Bulletin 1240 is shown a comparative table of the duration of 
illness from four species of Zvgadenus. That table is repeated here, 
with the addition of the data in regard to the sheep poisoned by 
Zygadenus nuttallii, as Table 5. 
Table 5. — Duration of illness in cases of sheep poisoned by species of Zygadenus 
Species of 
Zygadenus 
Maximum 
Minimum 
Average 
Z. gramineus 
79 hours 20 minutes (died); 68 hours 
20 minutes (recovered). 
96 hours -- 
1 observation 
12 hours 1 minute. 
36 hours 2 minutes. 
5 hours 19 minutes. 
29 hours 16 minutes. 
48 hours 41 minutes. 
Z. paniculatus 
do.. 
Z. elegans 
20 hours 6 minutes 
do.. 
Z. venenosus - 
90 hours 5 minutes 
do.. 
Z. nuttallii 
235 hours 50 minutes 
do 
If compared with the other species, it will be noted that apparently 
sheep poisoned by Zygadenus nuttallii have a longer period of illness. 
AUTOPSY FINDINGS 
Only one sheep died as a direct result of the feeding of Zygadenus 
nuttallii. The autopsy on this animal gave entirely negative results, 
probably owing to the short time which elapsed between the feeding 
and death. 
