6 
BULLETIN 1376, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE 
TYPICAL CASE OF SHEEP 741 
Sheep 741 was a 3-year-old ewe, which was brought in from the 
pasture for observation on July 16, 1923. 
July 18, between 11.25 and 11.40 a. m., the sheep was given by 
balling gun 102.9 grams of dry leaves, stems, and young flowers of 
Zygadenus nuttallii. This was an equivalent of 1 pound of green 
plant per 100 pounds of animal weight. 
1.00 p. m. — The respiration was deeper than before the feeding, 
and there was occasional licking of lips as though the secretion of 
saliva had been increased. 
2.30 p. m. — Distinct salivation appeared. 
2.36 p. m. — Respiration was irregular and deep, and there was 
some trembling of the flanks during expiration. 
3.35 p. m. — The respiration was somewhat labored and the 
animal showed slight weakness in the hind limbs. 
5. 25 p. m. — The weakness was somewhat increased, as shown by 
the fact that the animal stood with the hind feet braced. The saliva- 
tion continued and the animal was markedly depressed. 
8.50 and 8.55 r>. m. — The respiration was accompanied by groaning. 
The animal at tliis time could stand. 
9.20 p. m. — The pulse was 200 and very weak. The animal was 
lying down with the head to one side, and there were occasional 
spasmodic movements of the muscles of the hips and flanks. 
10.06 p. m. — The pulse was about 80 and stronger than at 9.20, 
but the general condition of the animal was unchanged. The groan- 
ing was continued. 
11 and 11.50 p. m. — The animal appeared somewhat better, but 
the groaning continued, and she was weak in the hind legs. 
July 19, 6.45 a. m. — The condition was nearly the same as when 
observed the preceding night at 11.50. The respiration was irregular 
but somewhat spasmodic, the expiration being accompanied by 
groans. Plate II, Figure 1, shows her condition at 8.25 a. m. The 
condition continued very nearly the same during the day. Although 
able to stand, she was down most of the time and was much salivated. 
4-52 p. m. — She showed less weakness and indications of some 
improvement. 
July 20, 7.14 a. m. — She was much better, with a weak but regular 
pulse, and most of the indications of extreme weakness had passed. 
She continued to improve during the day and ate a little hay. From 
this time there was gradual improvement, the animal became stronger, 
the pulse and respiration became natural, and on the morning of 
July 24 she was turned out, having made practical recovery. 
Another sheep, No. 727, is shown in Plate II, Figure 2, in a con- 
dition of general weakness. 
TYPICAL CASE OF CATTLE 997 
Cattle 997 was a young heifer weighing 442 pounds at the time of 
the experiment. She was taken in from the pasture September 15 
and kept under observation in the corrals. 
September 18. — At 9.45 a. m. she was given 501.2 grams of dry 
leaves, stems, and flowers of Zygadenus nuttallii ground up and 
mixed with alfalfa hay. * This quantity was the equivalent of 1 
pound of green plant per 100 pounds of animal. At 10.40 a. m. all 
