ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM WOOD WASTE. 
57 
CONIFEROUS WOODS. 
The results of the experiments on the various coniferous species 
are given in the following table : 
Cock 
No. 
Species of wood. 
71.. 
50i. 
83 2. 
723. 
86.. 
103. 
74. 
46. 
White pine, Idaho 
Red spruce. 
Douglas fir, Montana 
White pine 
Long leaf pine 
do 
Lodgepole pine 
Norway pine extra large or small 
ships 
Red spruce 
Western larch 
do 
do 
Western hemlock 
Sugar pine 
do 
Douglas fir, Washington 
White spruce 
Total re- 
ducing 
sugars 
(percent 
of origi- 
nal dry 
wood). 
21.00 
20.48 
21.10 
20.02 
23.06 
23.25 
21.93 
25.62 
22.06 
29.72 
30.52 
26. 21 
21.15 
18.03 
20.23 
21.13 
23.61 
Percent of total 
reducing sugars. 
Fermen- 
table. 
74.49 
74.16 
67.42 
75.67 
73.32 
72.49 
67.37 
66.88 
72.67 
37.89 
57.88 
54.69 
77.63 
72.55 
66.49 
75.16 
71.44 
Unfer- 
mentable. 
Alcohol yields. 
25. 51 
25.84 
32.58 
24.33 
26.68 
27.51 
32.63 
33.12 
27.33 
62.11 
42.12 
45.31 
22.37 
27.45 
33.51 
24.84 
28.56 
Per cent 
Gallons 
of origi- 
of abso- 
nal dry 
lute per 
wood. 
dry ton. 
7.762 
23.48 
7.565 
22.88 
6.822 
20.64 
7.437 
22.48 
8.282 
25.05 
8.330 
25.20 
7.205 
21.79 
7.745 
23.42 
7.956 
24.06 
4.977 
15.05 
8.687 
26.26 
6.934 
20.97 
7.622 
23.05 
6.276 
18.96 
7.115 
21.51 
7.934 
23.99 
8.537 
25.82 
Gallons 
of 190- 
proof per 
diy ton, 
allowing 
5 percent 
distilla- 
tion loss. 
23.43 
22.84 
20.59 
22.46 
24.90 
25.16 
21.75 
23.38 
24.01 
15.03 
26.21 
20.93 
23.01 
18.93 
21.47 
23.95 
25 78 
1 1.8 per cent of acid; 10 minutes cook. 
2 2.5 per cent of acid; 20 minutes cook. 
3 2.5 per cent of acid; 40 minutes cook. 
The experiments on western larch will be considered separately. 
No great differences were found among the various other species. 
Those highest in cellulose, like white spruce and white pine, gave the 
best yields. The West Coast Douglas fir gave higher yields than the 
Montana mountain-grown fir. Cook No. 70 was on Norway pine 
chips left from the Yaryan extraction process, in which the turpen- 
tine had been steamed out and the rosin had been dissolved out with 
gasoline. The yield was probably 3 to 5 per cent higher than it 
would have been on the original wood basis, because of the difference 
in cellulose content calculated on a basis of freedom from volatile oil 
and rosin, as compared with the original wood. At the same time, 
the results of cooks Nos. 67 and 68 on true longleaf pine showed that 
the turpentine, pine oil, and rosin do not interfere in the production 
of the sugars from the wood or in the fermentation of the sugar 
liquors produced. However, sugar liquors produced from woods 
having appreciable quantities of volatile oils do contain some of the 
oils mentioned, and, unless particular care is exercised in the distilla- 
tion and refining of the beers and alcohol made from such liquors, 
the alcohol finally obtained will contain some of those oils. On the 
other hand, it is not impossible to remove the oils, as evidenced by 
the fact that the finest Cologne spirits being produced in this country 
to-day is manufactured from longleaf pine. 
