32 
BULLETIX 983, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
Another series of experiments was made on autoclaving the neu- 
tralized juice before and after fermentation. The results of these 
experiments are given in the following tables. It is of particular 
interest to note here that a greater sugar decomposition occurred 
in the autoclave of both the neutral juice and the beer when no sul- 
phuric acid was added than when sulphuric acid was added before 
autoclaving. The volatile-acid figures, although somewhat erratic, 
show a decided tendency toward an increase of volatile acid, although 
here we have a mixture of conditions in which, undoubtedly, a 
number of secondary reactions take place, and some of the combined 
acids that are present either as calcium salts or organic combinations 
are liberated during the autoclave process. 
Autoclave coolzs on fermented and vnfermented u:ood-sugar extracts. 
No. 
Reducing Acetic 
sugars oer acid per 
lOOe.'c. 100 c. c. 
Formic Sulphuric 
acid per acid per 
100 c. c. 100 c. c. 
Total 
volatile 
acid. 
Neutral juice: 
74-6 1 ... 
74-6 (2)... 
74-: ; 
74-6(4)... 
Beer: 
74-7(1)... 
74-7(2)... 
74-7(3)... 
74-7(4)... 
Neutral juice: 
73-6(1)... 
73-6(2)... 
73-6 3 ... 
73-6 4 ... 
Beer: 
73-7 1 ... 
73-7 2 ... 
73-7 3 ... 
73-7(4)... 
39.72 
0.248 
18. 148 
.356 
31. 824 
.263 
36.08 
.333 
17.99 
7.70 
12.29 
13.11 
41.29 
14.24 
22.04 
29.03 
41.624 
12.94 
20.75 
19.01 
.387 
« 
1.288 
.341 
.713 
.883 
.868 
.527 
1.038 
1.418 
1.356 
1.286 
0.380 
.582 
.-540 
.338 
.665 
.7.54 
.095 
.671 
.184 
.404 
.238 
..540 
,410 
.475 
W 
.938 
.803 
.671 
1.052 
1.234 
1.303 
1.012 
1.287 
1.116 
.966 
1.430 
1.958 
1.866 
1.761 
(1) original; (2) original autoclaved, 112 pounds for 15 minutes: (3) original plus 0.5 per cent of sulphuric 
acid autoclaved, 112 pounds for 15 minutes: (4) original plus 0.5 per cent of sulphuric acid autoclaved, 112 
pounds for 15 minutes. 
The experimental procedure covering the previous series of auto- 
clave cooks on fermented and unfermented extracts, also sugar 
solutions in both water and sulphuric acid, was earned on as follows: 
Fifty cubic centimeters of the solution was put into a pear-shaped,, 
porcelain-stoppered, rubber-gasketed pressure flask of glass, which 
was put into an autoclave, the flask being surrounded by water. 
The autoclave was gas heated, and steam pressure was turned into 
the autoclave so fast as to make the autoclave cooks comparable 
with the digester cooks. As the flasks were stoppered, none of the 
volatile acids could escape, and they were determined along with 
the sugars in the solutions after they were cooked in the autoclave. 
Comparing these yields with those shown above for series II, it is 
seen that the yields were higher at 6 and 9 atmospheres, no doubt on 
account of different amounts of water present. For all technical 
