8 BULLETIN 501, L T . S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table IV. — Annual quantity of feed and its cost per cow on the Michigan farm. 
Year. 
Concentrates. 
Dry roughage. 
Silage. 
Pasture, i 
Total, 
feed 
cost. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Days. 
Value. 
1909 
Pounds. 
2,220 
2,940 
2,854 
2,770 
$24.24 
33.70 
35.38 
32.60 
Pounds. 
2,900 
3,040 
2,606 
2,342 
S10.85 
19.78 
17.08 
19.10 
Pounds. 
9,880 
12,240 
11,572 
11,103 
814. 81 
18.36 
17.38 
16.72 
SI. 94 
1.24 
.95 
2.88 
$51.84 
1910 
73.08 
1911 
70.79 
1912 
71.30 
' I 
Average, 3 years 2 . 
2,855 
33.89 
2,663 
18.65 11,638 
17.49 I 1.69 
2 71.72 
1 Charge for use of lot used throughout the year for exercise. 
2 The year 1909 not included in average. 
THE PENNSYLVANIA FARM. 
Table V gives a summary of the quantity and cost of feeds con- 
sumed per cow by the Pennsylvania farm herd, 1910-1913. 
Table V. — Annual quantity of feed and its cost per cow on the Pennsylvania farm. 
Year. 
Concentrates. Dry roughage. 
Silage. 
Pasture. 
Total, 
feed 
cost. 
Quantity. 
Value. Quantity. 
Value. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Days. 
Value. 
1910 
Pounds. 
1,399 
1,486 
1,332 
1,473 
§17.06 
19.76 
16.71 
17.51 
Pounds. 
2,020 
1,908 
2,455 
2,847 
810.23 
7.52 
12.77 
9.39 
Pounds. 
7,537 
8,915 
8,032 
8,760 
814. 42 
21.28 
19.47 
21.89 
154 
178 
193 
221 
83.55 
4.10 
4.44 
5.08 
S45.26 
1911 
52.66 
1912 
53.39 
1913 
53.87 
Average, 4 years. 
1,423 
17.76 
2,308 
9.98 
8,311 
19.27 
187 
4.30 
51.30 
In feeding concentrates, not as much difference was made in the 
quantity given to low yielding and high yielding cows as would have 
been made had the production per cow been used as the basis of 
compounding the ration. The difference, however, amounted to as 
much as SI 3 per year in the value of concentrates fed to individual 
cows. The mixture of concentrates, for the most part, consisted of 
sucrene and corn-and-cob meal. Some brewers' grains, gluten 
feeds, cottonseed meal, and dried beet pulp, were used. The dry 
roughage consisted of corn stover, alfalfa, and mixed hay, and wheat 
straw for bedding. The variation in total quantity from year to 
year is due largely to the difference in the quantity of corn stover. 
Although the quantity of silage varies somewhat from year to year, 
the average is about four tons per cow per year. The pasture 
season was increased each year by making greater use of the after- 
math on hay meadows. The average price per ton of concentrates 
for the four years was $24.38, $26.60, $25.10, and $23.78, respectively, 
the average per year being $24.95. The average price per ton of 
all dry roughage varied from $6.60 to $10.40, the average per year 
being $8.65. The charge made for silage varied from $3.83 to $5 
per ton, the average per year being $4.64. 
