MILK-PLANT EQUIPMENT. 
25 
BOTTLE FILLERS AND CAPPERS. 
In order to put the milk into bottles for the trade, bottle fillers 
and cappers are required. There are many types. At some small 
plants the bottles are filled by hand or by the use of a dipper. This 
is very unsatisfactory even for a small plant, both because of the 
chance of contamination and the danger that the milk is not uni 
form in butterfat content. Hand filling is also slow and tedious. 
Bottle fillers used by the smaller dealers consist of a tank mounted 
on a metal framework and containing valves either at one or both 
ends of the tank. The smaller ones have four valves at one end, 
while the next larger-sized machines have four valves at one end 
and five at the other. Quarts may be filled at one end while pints 
are being filled at the other end. With the next size of filler a full 
case of bottles is filled at one operation (figs. 15 and 16). When the 
bottles are full the case goes on to be capped either by hand or 
Fig. 14. — Chart for temperature recorder, showing temperatures and time of heating, hold- 
ing, and cooling eight different batches of milk. In-the-bottle system of pasteurization 
was used. 
