UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
BULLETIN No. 419 
vEif* Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology 
L. O. HOWARD, Chief 
Washington, D. C. 
November 9, 1916 
THE GRAPE LEAF-FOLDER. 
By J. F. Strauss, 
Entomological Assistant, Deciduous Fruit Insect Investigations. 
CONTENTS. 
Introduction 1 
History 1 
Distribution 3 
Food plants 4 
Extent and character of the injury 5 
Page. 
Description of the grape leaf-folder 6 
Life history and habits 7 
Natural enemies 8 
Methods of control 12 
Literature cited 13 
INTRODUCTION. 
The grape leaf-folder, Desmia funeralis Hubn. (family Pyralidae) 
has long been known as a pest of grapevines. Since 1885 the injury 
inflicted by the larva has been described frequently, and different 
remedial measures have been suggested. However, the insect has 
not been the subject of very careful study, and references to it in 
literature are mostly in the form of short notes in farm and horti- 
cultural journals. 
Certain facts concerning the life history and habits of this insect 
were obtained during two seasons' observations in the vicinity of 
the city of Washington. ' 
HISTORY. 
The grape leaf -folder first appeared in literature in 1796, when it 
was figured by Hiibner (1) Sunder the name of Pyralis funeralis. 
Switzerland was given for the locality, which was evidently a mis- 
take, as pointed out by Guenee (5, p. 190) in 1854. Later Hiib- 
ner (2) placed the species in the genus Anania. 
In 1832 Westwood (4) established the genus Desmia and placed 
in it the species maculalis, including as a probable synonym Botys 
55655° 
i Numbers in parenthesis refer to " Literature cited," p. 13. 
-Bull. 419—16 
