12 BULLETIX 419, U. S. DEPABTMEXT OF AGRICULTURE. 
of a larva of the grape leaf -folder. These eggs hatched the following 
day, and the active little parasites greedily attacked their host, feed- 
ing externally, their mouth parts embedded in the soft tissues. In 
five days they left the remains and pupated. The pupae at first were 
milk white, but later turned black. These pupae overwintered in 
jars, and on May 30 of the following spring the adults issued (fig. 4, d). 
Habrohracon johannseni Vier. (PL IV, a-f), a new species of 
braconid, was found widely distributed. It feeds externally upon 
the Desmia larvae. 
The fly parasites of the grape leaf-folder were taken only in small 
numbers. The most abundant of the three species was the tach- 
inid Exorista pyste Walker (PI. IV, g). 
METHODS OF CONTROL. 
Vineyards regularly sprayed with arsenicals for the control of the 
grape rootworm, grape-berry moth, etc., will be practically free 
from injury by the grape leaf-folder. The insect is especially likely 
to cause injury in small vineyards not regularly sprayed and to 
grapes grown in arbors in backyards and similar places. 
Where the insect has. been troublesome in previous years, the 
vines should be well sprayed with arsenate of lead at the rate of 
2 pounds of the paste or 1 pound of the powdered article to 50 
gallons of water, shortly after the blossoms have fallen. One treat- 
ment at this time, if thoroughly made, should destroy the caterpillars 
of the first brood so effectually that injury by second-brood larvae 
would be of little importance. If the caterpillars continue trouble- 
some, however, additional applications should be made. Arsenicals 
are usually applied to grapes in fungicides, as in Bordeaux mix- 
ture for the control of fungous diseases. Information on the general 
subject of spraying grapes is contained in Farmers' Bulletin 284, 
United States Department of Agriculture. For small spraying oper- 
ations, as in back yards, a very simple spraying outfit may be em- 
ployed, such as a bucket pump or knapsack pump. 
Where it is impracticable to spray the vines, it will be decidedly 
advantageous to go thoroughly over the plants when the folded 
leaves are in evidence and crush the larvae by hand. As an addi- 
tional method of reducing injury it is advisable to rake together 
and burn fallen foliage in the fall, since the insect passes the winter 
in the pupal condition in these leaves. 
