OIL AND PINE-DISTILLATE PRODUCT EMULSIONS. 9 
then centrifuged at 1,200 revolutions per minute, for 5 minutes, and 
the volume of unpolymerized material read off. 
Refractive index —The refractive index was determined on an 
Abbé type refractometer, the temperature being kept at 20° C. 
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION. 
The results on the steam and steam-and-solvent process pine oils 
are given in Table 1. 
Tasie 1.—Composition of steam and steam-and-solvent process pine oils. 
{ { 
Tabor: Refrac- Oil dis- | Distil- } 
aya Method of manufac- | Density | tive in- Wiater tilled late, Unpoly- | Resinous 
N y ture. at 20° C. | dex at : below 190°- merized. | material. 
ae 202 C! 190°C.) |) 2208 ©. 
Per cent.| Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
gO ar | SUCAIM a= eae cee cals 0. 932 1.4870 | Trace. 3.0 87. 6 2.0 0. 09 
Gi) (oo) aa eve Oi Sek ce ae are! . 942 1.4848 0.6 1,8 94.6 ayy .Ot 
SUSOUE eae = OSes Be oc use 945 1. 4833 38 1.2 92. 0 1.2 05 
31705...| Steam-and-solvent.... - 930 1. 4820 1.0 3.6 92. 0 1.2 lid 
SRIOD 2 1-25 o- CIES WAR San bee ote .927 | 1.4820 6 7.0 89. 0 2. 0 27 
aL Oat oes CO carer oh acacia: 932 1. 4835 oe 4.0 92.4 3. 2 . 20 
These oils, although obtained from widely separated points, are 
quite similar according to these analyses. The densities vary from 
0.927 to 0.945, and the refractive indices from 1.4820 to 1.4870. In 
no case did the water exceed 1 per cent or the resinous material 0.5 
per cent. The distillate between 190° and 220° C. was from 87.6 to 
94.6 per cent. 
The destructive-distillation pine oils vary much more in their 
properties, as will be seen from the results in Table 2. 
TABLE 2.—Composition of destructive-distillation pine oils. 
: ensity | tive in- ae tille iG npoly- | Resinous 
Laboratory No. at 20° C.| dex at | ater below sone C merized. | material. 
2051 C2 190° C. ‘ 
Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
SA Se pee cage eit 9 a= ESP ah 0. 893 1. 4868 Trace. 47.0 50. 2 0.8 0.02 
SRILOORE ees te we LEN ate ee . 903 J, 4920 Mraces)|| 14.8 82. 0 .8 38 
SILIVALD base yaoi SUPGRE Eile me ok PaaS S Sa . 929 1.5000 None. | None. 98.0 8 .10 
BALA RS halo) Sie sk ees aS eta . 949 1.4995 0. 4 Trace. 91.4 .8 .10 
SANTA Re i ote) eRe apie pe eg Ue cee . 944 1. 5035 Trace. | hl) 64. 4 .8 112.50 
Bil WMG en a Rdg ea ee Re ae, ee . 886 1. 4945 Trace. | 65.2 32.4 8 11,70 
1 Contained appreciable amounts of wood-tar phenols or creosote. 
The densities vary from 0.886 to 0.949; the refractive indices from 
1.4868 to 1.5035; the distillate below 190° C., from none to 65.2 per 
cent; and the alkali-soluble material from 0.02 to 12.5 per cent. In 
color the oils vary from a light yellow, similar to that of steam- 
process pine oil, to a dark reddish brown. Certain of them are al- 
most free from the smoky odor characteristic of destructive wood 
distillates, while others are heavy with it. 
