CELLS.- — PHYTOZOA.. 
73 
cell, their true form may be made out, and they will be 
seen to be precisely of the shape exhibited in Fig. 58 ; a 
representing one of the antheridia , h a portion of the 
FIG. 58 . 
Reproductive parts of Poly trichum 
commune : a, antheridium; b, portion 
of an antheridium more highly mag- 
nified; c, cells escaping from rup- 
tured antheridium ; d, cell contain- 
ing a phytozoon ; e,f phytozoa de- 
tached from the cell. 
FIG. 59 . 
a, a, spores and elaters of an 
Equisetum ; b , spores surrounded 
by the elaters ; c , portion of fila- 
ment of Chara vulgaris dividing 
phytozoa in the cells ; d, d, phy- 
tozoa of Chara vulgaris taken out 
of the cells. 
same ruptured, with numerous cells escaping. Each 
(as shown at c and d) contains a spiral filament, which, 
when detached from the cell, presents the appearance 
represented by e or /. The spores of the common 
Equiseta or horse-tails also possess a power of spon- 
taneous motion, depending, however, on hygrometric 
conditions of the atmosphere. Each spore, as shown at 
a a , in Fig. 59, consists of a central portion with three 
or four clavate filaments attached to it which are 
denominated elaters . In some states of the spore, as 
represented by b , the elaters are seen surrounding 
it in a spiral manner; in others, as shown at a a } 
