16 BULLETIN 333, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 
Among these may be listed construction timber in bridges — there are 
only two actually recorded cases, one near Cambridge, Mass. (H. A. 
Hagen), and the other near Cleveland, Ohio (F. L. Odenbach) — 
wharves, and like structures ; telephone and telegraph poles and poles 
used by electrical and other companies (in New York, Xew Jersey, 
Pennsylvania, West Virginia, southern Illinois, Indiana and Ohio, 
Missouri, Nebraska, California, 1 and in general the Southern 
States 2 ) ; hop and bean poles; mine props and other timbers on the 
slope of incline mines (in West Virginia and Alabama) ; posts, lower 
rails, and boarding of fences; lumber piled on the ground; crossties 
(Xew Jersey, Virginia, Maryland, and the Southern States) ; im- 
properly creosoted wood paving blocks (used as flooring in a factory 
building in. Atlanta, Ga.; the wooden boxing or conduits of cables in 
the ground, to the detriment of the insulation; the woodwork in 
wells; wooden silo tanks; the ridge poles of tents, and tent pins (in 
desert near Boise, Idaho) ; wooden tree boxes; wooden beehives (near 
Shelby ville, Tenn.), the last being infested through wooden cross- 
pieces lying on the ground. 
According to F. H. Chittenden much injury is done by white ants 
(lucifugus) in hopyards. The dead roots, trellis poles made of red- 
wood, and pine string pegs are attacked in California. 
There is evidence that termites not only injure man's habitations 
while alive, but also infest the last resting place of man on this earth, 
namely the pine boxes and coffins of the dead. Derry records exten- 
sive damage to skulls and bones generally by termites in graves in 
Egypt and Xubia, 3 and these insects have been observed in several 
localities swarming in cemeteries. Furthermore, they often burrow 
deep into the earth, especially where they can follow down decaying 
wood, as in the woodwork of wells, etc. G. A. Dean, entomologist of 
the Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan, Kans., states that 
McCulloch observed a swarm of termites in a cemetery at Anthony, 
Kans., on January 19, 1914, in which the winged insects 4 came out 
in enormous numbers and the ground was actually covered with them 
in several parts of the cemetery. The temperature at this time was 
about 70° F. 
DAMAGE TO STORED MATERIAL. 
Wooden electrotype blocks (in Xew York, X. Y.) and other wood 
products, books in libraries or elsewhere, pamphlets, paper, docu- 
ments (PL VI. fig. 1) , and plans (PI. VI, fig. 2) , wood-pulp products, 
1 In California termite damage includes also that by Termopsis angusticolUs Walker. 
2 In southern Georgia and the Gulf States termite damage to poles of bald cypress and 
southern white cedar (Chamaecijparis thyoides) includes also that by Calotermes sp. 
3 In many graves in Egypt and Nubia bones are found to be covered with a shell of 
earth ; also in mummified bodies, where less bitumen or other preservative substances 
were employed, termites were able to make way through the cloth in which the body was 
wound, damage always being associated with earthwork and tunnels. 
4 Probably Leucotermes lucifugus. 
