2 BULLETIN 1472, TJ. S. DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTUKE 
Certain other species of flies, such as the black blowfly, Phormia 
regina Meig., the green bottle flies Lucilia sericata Meig. and L. 
cuprina Meig., and some species of sarcophagids, particularly S. 
robusta Aid., not infrequently infest wounds, but they are much less 
important than the screw-worm fly. The black blowfly is more 
inclined to attack old suppurating sores and is most abundant during 
cool weather, hence it commonly infests animals after dehorning. 
It also attacks sheep in the early spring, laying its eggs on soiled 
wool. In this situation it is commonly spoken of as the "wool 
maggot." 
For the control of these blowflies several methods are commonly 
used. These are (1) the destruction of carcasses in which the flies 
breed; (2) the prevention of wounds, such as wire cuts, scratches, 
and bruises, by careful handling at the times when the animals are 
rounded up, dipped, etc.; (3) the carrying out of the castrating, 
branding, dehorning, and shearing of animals at times when flies 
are scarce or absent; (4) the trapping of adult flies in traps baited 
with meat, or, preferably, dried-egg bait; (5) the use of larvicides 
and repellents on infested wounds on animals. 
WORK OF OTHER INVESTIGATORS WITH FLY REPELLENTS 
Although the chemotropic responses of many insects have been 
studied, only a few investigators have experimented with blowflies, 
and no reference to previous work with repellents for the screw- 
worm fly has been found. 
Cooper and Walling 2 tested the effect of various chemicals upon 
blowflies (Calliphora) by dusting pieces of meat with a number of 
different materials incorporated in precipitated chalk. The authors 
concluded that the following were most suitable as repellents : Methyl 
salicylate, para-ni tramline, picric acid, creosote, green oil, boracic 
acid, fusel oil, pine oil, alizarine oil, origanum oil, mustard oil, sod 
oil, iodoform, dimethyl aniline, quinoline, allyl alcohol, aloin, saponin, 
copper carbonate, nitrobenzene, sinapis oil, and anise-seed oil. 
Olive C. Lodge 3 reported on some studies of attractive substances 
which might be used as baits for blowflies and house flies. She found 
liver to be more attractive than a number of other animal tissues and 
brought out the fact that the infestations of baits with larvae caused 
the baits to become more attractive to the flies. She mentions among 
the substances showing decided repellent qualities for one species of 
blowfly (Protophormia terrae-novae R. D.), pipendine [piperidine?], 
oenanthol, xylol, amyl . acetate, methyl salicylate, anisole, citral 
(strong), ethyl sulphocyanide, oil of thyme, of cassia, of Java citro- 
nella, of palma rosa, of bay, of heliotrope, of lavender, of cinnamon 
leaf, of cinnamon bark, of sassafras, of cloves, of camphor. Many 
other substances tested by her are classed as less repellent or neutral. 
She also conducted some tests with Calliphora and Lucilia. 
Wardle 4 tested the repellent effect upon blowflies (Calliphora) of 
various materials by rubbing them upon cotton twine netting of 
* Coopeb, W. F., and Walling, W. A. B. the effect of various chemicals on blow-fly. Ann. 
Appl. Biol. 2: 166-182. 1915. 
3 Lodge, O. C. fly investigations reports, iv. some enquiry into the question of baits and 
POISONS FOR FLIES, BEING A REPORT ON THE EXPERIMENTAL WORK CARRIED OUT DURING 1915 FOR THE 
zoological society of London. Zool. Soc. London, Proc. 1916: 481-511. 1916. 
4 Wardle, R. A. the protection of meat commodities against blowflies. Ann. Appl. Biol. 8 
1-9. 1921. 
