40 
Shelled peanuts, however, are subject to "weevil" attack when in 
ordinary storage, especially during the warm months, and should be 
kept in cold storage from at least June 1 to late fall. The "weevils" 
may be the larva? of the Mediterranean flour moth or of the Indian 
meal moth. They not only cause damage by eating the peanuts, 
but the frass is objectionable and the worms of the former moth 
spin quantities of silk which mats the materials together, thus 
making them worthless. 19 Shelled peanuts are usually stored at a 
temperature of 30 to 32°, although some warehouses carry them at 
34 to 36°, or even higher temperatures. 
Chicago is by far the leading cold-storage center and during the 
height of the season from 15 to 20 milhon pounds of peanuts are kept 
in storages in that city by merchandizing brokers, dealers, and 
peanut-products manufacturers. Boston, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, 
and Cincinnati are among other large centers in which considerable 
quantities of peanuts are often kept in storage. The storage hold- 
ings of local firms in consuming centers are often added to by the 
practice of some southern firms of shipping carloads of peanuts to 
themselves at these points, or to their city brokers, in advance of 
actual orders. Deliveries are then made as the trade calls for them. 
Storage rates vary widely, according to the section of the country. 
In Chicago leading storage concerns have recently charged 10 to 12 
cents per 100 pounds for shelled peanuts for the first month and 
7 to 8 cents per 100 pounds for succeeding months. For peanuts in 
the shell, 12 to 15 cents per 100 pounds has been the usual rate 
for the first month, and 7 to 10 cents per 100 pounds for each month 
thereafter. 
Loans on peanuts stored with them are made by most storage 
firms. The amount of the advance varies with different storage 
houses. From 60 to 75 per cent of the market value of the peanuts 
at the time stored will usually be granted, and advances up to 80 
to 90 per cent of the value have at times been made. 
BASES OF SALE 
Sales may be made for immediate shipment from the southern 
point, or for shipment at any time during the following 60 days. 
Most sales are for shipment within 30 days of the date of the order. 
Quotations for deferred shipments are occasionally a fraction of a 
cent over the prices quoted for immediate shipment. Most quota- 
tions from southern shippers are on an "f. o. b. shipping point" 
basis, but in some producing sections the delivered basis is used when 
quoting to coast cities like Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, 
owing to the competition of low water rates with freight rates. 
Brokers in most consuming centers also quote on an f. o. b. shipping 
point basis, although firms in a few cities sell on a "delivered" basis, 
with transportation charges included. 
To an increasing extent brokers in city markets have become 
merchandizing brokers. Many brokers in the large cities carry 
stocks in warehouses, and are thus able to make immediate deliveries 
of rush orders. For this service the broker will endeavor to get for 
his goods from y% cent to 34 cent per pound over quotations pre- 
19 For further information concerning the weevils and remedial measures for controlling them see U. S. 
Bureau of Entomology Circular 142, The Indian-Meal Moth and "Weevil-Cut" Peanuts, by C. H. 
Popenoe. 
