MARKETING PEANUTS 43 
Cleaned peanuts are sometimes loaded 5 layers high, 3 sacks wide, 
running crosswise of the car. Other shippers load the sacks length- 
wise, 5 sacks wide, 4 layers high, in the ends of the car, with 50 bags 
between the doors laid crosswise, 3 rows wide. The loading of a car 
of peanuts in the shell is seen in Figure 18. In pool cars containing 
both shelled and unshelled peanuts, the shelled peanuts are loaded in 
the ends of the car and the peanuts in the shell are placed toward 
the center of the car. 
Peanuts are usually loaded in box cars. The doors are generally 
closed, but the doorways may be boarded up to the height of the load. 
When shipped in ventilated cars, the solid doors are closed, and often 
the vents as well. 
In the southeastern section, practically all farmers' stock peanuts 
moving from country loading points are shipped in bulk, in much 
the same manner as grain. The peanuts are piled to a depth of 4 to 
6 feet with door openings boarded on the inside. 
Careful shippers take pains to remove protruding nails and cleats 
on the floor and sides of the car, which may remain from previous 
loadings, especially near the door. Sacks are often disarranged at 
and close to the doors, and protruding nails are likely to result in 
torn sacks, causing damage claims on the part of the receiver. When 
car bottoms are damp at the time of loading, peanut shells or burlap 
are sometimes placed in the bottom of the car to prevent the bottom 
tier of sacks from molding. Several years ago an effort was made 
on the part of the railroads to have car walls and floors lined with 
paper, but as the roads did not care to furnish the paper the idea 
was abandoned, and cars are now rarely paper-lined^ 
FREIGHT AND STEAMSHIP RATES 
The freight rates on peanuts are the same for shelled and unshelled 
stock. According to tariffs on file with the Interstate Commerce 
Commission, the following rates between representative shipping 
points and consuming centers were in effect January 1, 1925 (Table 1). 
They are subject to change at any time. The carload minimum is 
24,000 pounds in all cases except where otherwise specified. "A. R." 
means " all rail; 7 ' "R. & W." means "rail and water." 
