UTILIZATION OF DOGWOOD AND PERSIMMON 
39 
HORNBEAM 
The hornbeam or ironwood (Ostrya virginiana) is most abundant 
and largest in southern Arkansas and eastern Texas. It is closely 
related to the blue beech but reaches a larger size, occasionally 24 
inches in diameter and 60 feet high. It, too, associates with larger 
hardwoods and is not used to any great extent commercially. Cut- 
ting and marketing it would present a problem very similar to the 
cutting and marketing of blue beech and dogwood. 
MADRONA 
Madrona (Arbutus menziesii) is common and of largest size in the 
redwood forests of northern California. The tree often grows from 
60 to 80 feet high, with a straight, clean trunk 2 to 3 feet in diame- 
ter; but more frequently it is low and shrubby, or from 25 to 40 
feet high with a crooked or leaning trunk 8 to 15 inches through. 
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Fig. 24. — Natural range of three less important dogwoods 
The wood is of fine texture and pale reddish brown in color, with 
a thin whitish sapwood. Small quantities of it are used for flooring 
for which it is very beautiful and serviceable. 
OREGON MYRTLE 
Oregon myrtle (Umbellularia calif ornica) , sometimes known as 
California laurel or pepperwood, is most abundant and largest in 
size in the rich valleys of southwestern Oregon, where it forms a 
considerable part of the forest growth. The tree is commonly 60 to 
80 feet high and 2y 2 to 3 feet through. Occasionally in the dense 
forest it has a clean, straight trunk 30 to 40 feet long. The wood is 
yellowish brown and often mottled, and the sapwood is very thick. 
