MARKETING BARRELED APPLES At 
carrier belt, sizing both grades at the same time. Elaborate sizing 
by machine is hardly praceeble except where fairly large quantities 
ot high-class apples of single varieties are available. As a consider- 
able part of the eastern crop is produced in small, more or less 
scattered blocks, by unorganized owners, and of numerous varieties, 
including much low-grade but marketable fruit, the conditions are 
somewhat less favorable to fully equipped centralized sizing and 
rading than in the Northwest. Sizing pays best with choice, 
Reoily colored fruit. Lack of definite sizing is no doubt one of the 
eat market drawbacks of barreled fruit. Purchase of unsized 
ruit in barrels is more 
or less guesswork even 
though it is put up ac- 
cording to recognized 
orades. 
ORCHARD PACKING 
Equipment for the 
orchard pack may be 
simple. With orchard- 
run grade, sometimes 
nothing is used but the 
packages, which are 
filled as fast as the 
ickers bring the fruit. 
Then more definite 
grading is required, a 
sorting table moved 
from place to place is 
the most common or- 
chard equipment. The 
fruit Is graded by hand F 10.—B 1 lly ring faced at the bott t d 
: 1G. 10.—Barrels are usually ring faced at the bottom, stem ends 
as it passes over the down, and are inverted before opening 
inclined surface of the 
table. Workers remove the second grade and culls, placing the 
second grade in baskets for the packers while the first grade passes 
toward the end of the table and is packed into baskets or barrels. 
The orchard pack is fairly good when uniform grading and sizing is 
not expected and when the work is well supervised. 
BARRELING 
In packing the barrel it is usually ring faced at the bottom, begin- 
ning at the edge and placing the fruit in circles stem ends down as 
shown in Figure 10. The next layer is sometimes placed on edge, 
red side down to show between the spaces of the first layer. The 
barrel is then filled carefully, racked down meanwhile from two to 
six times, and sometimes a heavy “follower” is used to aid the racking 
and evening processes. When leveling the top, some packers ring 
tail the last layer, sides up. (Fig. 11.) Then the head is pressed in 
and reinforced at the edge with light strips or binders. The hoops 
are tightened and nailed in position. Apples for export are pressed 
down extra tight and the heads fastened in very securely. Some- 
times the barrels are strengthened with extra hoops of metal. 
