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MARKETING BARRELED APPLES 33 
TRANSPORTATION 
Hauling apples when the fruitis loose in boxes and barrels or when 
packed is preferably done with spring wagons or trucks, usually in 
wagonloads of 25 to 30 barrels, or truckloads of 50 to 100 barrels 
(fig. 12) or 100 to 300 boxes or crates. 
BARRELS AND BASKETS 
When loading the car with packed fruit at the shipping station, 
the barrels are stowed in the car on their sides with iehds toward 
the sides of the car in alternate rows as in Figure 13. Lengthwise 
loading is undesirable because of the greater strain on the heads and 
liability of displacement. Packing on end is suitable only for small 
Fie. 12——Motor trucks carry barreled apples well if properly loaded 
lots in single layers. A standard load as designated by some of the 
railroad companies is 160 barrels loaded three or four layers high. 
Actual carloads vary from 50 to well over 200 barrels, averaging not 
far from 175 barrels. The ventilated refrigerator car is preferred 
for long-distance shipment, but many box cars are used and are 
fairly satisfactory for moderate distances in mild weather. As icing 
is needed only in warm weather, it is practiced for only a small 
proportion of barreled apple shipments. 
Baskets are packed four layers high, lids up, and rows offset to 
bring each basket on the edges of two baskets underneath. A type 
of basket much in use may be packed together by interlocking ie 
peojecune rims of the covers. Shipments average about 500 bushel 
askets to a carload. The bushel hamper averages about 600 and 
the five-eighths bushel hamper 680 to the carload. 
88494°—26——3 
