BULLETIN 439, U. S. DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 
such large proportions that the soy bean has become an important 
competitor of other oil seeds. 
As early as December, 1915, several American cotton-oil mills had 
turned to the soy bean as a source of oil and meal on account of the 
scarcity and high price of cottonseed. 1 Other manufacturers are pre- 
paring soy-bean products for human food. This utilization of American- 
grown beans for the manufacture of oil, cake, and other products will 
undoubtedly greatly stimulate the culture of the crop, which until now 
has been grown in the United States primarily for forage. 
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Fig. 1.— A fleet of junks engaged in carrying soy beans to Newchwang, Manchuria, from different points 
in the interior, taking away bean oil and bean cake to other places. ( Photographed by F. N. Meyer. ) 
SOY BEANS IN MANCHURIA. 
The soy bean is grown in nearly all parts of Manchuria where 
agriculture is conducted except in the extreme north. The beans, 
together with their products — bean cake and oil — form the chief 
exports (fig. 1). The soy bean is always relied upon by the Man- 
churian farmer as a cash crop and constitutes a staple product of 
Manchurian agriculture. 
The conditions under which the soy bean thrives are said to be 
far more varied in Manchuria than in the United States. It is grown 
i . — . - — — 
i The average market price of cottonseed in the cotton-producing States during the past three years is 
shown by the following figures, furnished by the Bureau of Crop Estimates: September 15, 1914, $13.88 
per ton; September 15, 1915, $20.98 per ton; September 15, 1916, $41.13 per ton. 
