60 BULLETIN 1031, U. S.. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
consisted mainly of native stock from 2 to 12 years of age. The 
special herd was much the same in so far as age limits were con- 
cerned, but the cows were more nearly uniform grade Herefords. 
The 42 cows in the small herd were from 4 to 12 years of age, and 
were about the same as the special herd in grade. The drought in 
1916 to 1918 interfered somewhat with the control of the separate 
herds, especially the herd of 42 head for which only one year’s record 
is available. The results of calf crop obtained in the various herds 
on the Jornada Range Reserve and comparison with the estimated 
calf crop for outside range with average for the four-year period are 
shown in Table 22. 
TABLE 22.—Number of calves per hundred cows on open southern New Mexico 
range and on the Jornada Range Reserve. 
Jornada Range Reserve. 
z Outside 
Year. range 1,500- | 500-head 42-head 
head special herd Average. 
herd. herd. : 
JE GIG RRR errr a Se Reems Sea STN eth ie arene eared DP NOC NG 55 69. 2 SISO eS asceeee 72.0 
TRUHIG(e = S SL STi RR aS One ILI ay WOE ee SERNA PRE en SILT 35 52.7 (se gy4i | | eeaeerees see 64.1 
MOUS as eres SNe speci sale he Be ete iglesia eee eed ne 25 50. 8 80. 0 97.6 58. 8 
TTT AG cs ek Aue aa Sho a einer ea aU ae NC ye NH MWe PU a? 35 41.4 92:05 |e See ore 43.7 
verdes Rhee deny een Bae, SEL AO ES fh Sz 5 | 55.2 rites plea go 59.6 
The larger calf crops of the Jornada reserve, as shown in the table, 
are the results of the methods of handling the stock in practice. 
These involve condition of the cows and bulls, number and distribu- 
tion of bulls among the cows, and the segregation of nonbreeding 
stock from the breeding herd. 
Condition of cows.—To insure the cows in the special herd being in 
thrifty condition for breeding and calving, grama-grass range was 
reserved for use by the herd during the winter and spring and 
supplemental feed was provided, as is shown in Table 23. In addi- 
tion, the calves were weaned early, which gave the cows the advan- 
tage of being dry several months before the next calving time. 
TABLE 23.—Cottonseed. cake fed and cost of feeding to cows in 500-head herd. 
Percént- | | 
<7 Amount} Total Cost per 
z Number age of | “cotton- cost, Cost per | head for Period of 
July 1 to June 30— Giicowsy ies otal seed |feedand| head entire feeding 
: g. 
fed. | breeding} cake. | feeding. herd. 
cows. 
Pounds. 
IQSIEMIG?S. ete freee Ys 1 371 52 25,650 | $534.00 | »* $1.44 $1. 07 pepe ae a 
NQIG AT ori h asso yer serie 220 it 22, 585 649. 32 2.95 1.60 | Dec. 9 toSept.7 
HOM AIS EL Sle coset ase 500 100 64, 500 | 1,935. 00 3. 87 3.87 | Feb. 1toJune 15 
HOTRE TOD ioe Bee ene cee eaca tc. as |? Pane de ee ee eae [ausiietcee Ie Sema | Co te 
1 Includes 20 bulls. 2 No feeding. 
