RANGE AND CATTLE MANAGEMENT DURING DROUGHT. 79 
In either case, whether selling as calves or holding over until year- 
lings, there will be a number of young stock, including heifers re- 
tained to replace culls in the breeding herd, which will be carried 
over the dry period from November until July the next year. Main- 
taining the growth of such stock over this period, or at least having 
them in condition so that they will respond quickly when the green 
grass comes, should make such stock grow out better and heifers 
mature earlier for the breeding herd. 
SUPPLEMENTAL FEEDING OF YOUNG STOCK. 
Feeding the young stock a small amount of cottonseed-cake or 
meal to supplement the native forage and make it a better growing 
ration from late fall until rains occur the following spring or sum- 
mer should result in eliminating the dormant period in growth of 
calves and yearlings at this time. At least, the young stock should 
be in condition to start growth sooner and make more rapid gains 
when green feed does come. The benefits from feeding early weaned 
calves a small ration of cottonseed cake during this period on the 
Jornada Range Reserve in 1916, 1917, and 1918 have demonstrated 
that it is a practicable undertaking with that class of stock. Feed- 
ing a number of two and three-year-old steers several pounds of 
cottonseed cake per day while on grass in 1914 and 1915 indicated 
that it was not practicable to try fattening steers for the market 
in this way; for bringing them into condition suitable for feeders 
it was considered a success. As better grades of stock are raised this 
procedure may be practiced with even greater success, and the South- 
western breeder will eventually establish a better market for his 
product than is now available. 
FUTURE PLANS FOR THE JORNADA RANGE RESERVE. 
Plans for the future on the Jornada Range Reserve include selling 
the best steer calves in the fall to feeders in the corn belt, if possible, 
and feeding all young stock retained three-fourths to 1 pound of 
cottonseed cake per day for 90 to 120 days in the spring to keep 
them growing during this period. Results to date in feeding seem 
to justify such practice. With the increased cost of handling and 
producing stock in general every opportunity for increasing the 
profit is worthy of consideration and trial. 
In choosing the most desirable plan, the main object and one that 
Southwestern producers should bear in mind, however, is to pro- 
duce the kind of animal for which there is greatest demand and that 
the best range and feeding facilities will permit. 
SUMMARY. 
Periodic droughts causing heavy losses, low calf crops, and inter- 
ference with building up of herds are the chief set-backs to the cattle 
